職稱英語考試綜合類2023年閱讀理解例題精解
Light Night，Dark Stars
1. Thousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky.On a clear night， with no clouds, moonlight，or artificial lights to block the view，people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky，says Dennis Ward，an astronomer with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Researchin Boulder，Colo.But when people are surrounded by city lights.he says，theyre lucky to see 150 stars.
2. If youve ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance, youve witnessed light pollution.It occurs when light from streetlights，office buildings，signs，and other sources streams into space and illuminates the night sky.This haze of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth.Even at night，big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult。
3. Dust and particles of pollution from factories and industries worsen the effects ot light pollution.If one city has a lot more light pollution than another，Ward says，that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale.
4. Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.
5. Cities are getting larger.Suburbs are growing in once dark，rural areas.Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring tile faint light given off by distant stars.And if scientists cant locate these objects，they cant learn more about them.
6. Light pollution doesnt only affect star visibility.It can harm wildlife too.Its clear that artificial light call attract animals，making them go off course.Theres increasing evidence.For example, that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaus Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina.When light occurs at night, he says, it has a very disruptive influence.Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers，high rises，and cables from radio and televisioll towers.Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.
1. When can people see 14000 stars?
A When they have a fairly good telescope.
B When they are in a large city.
C When the night sky is clear of clouds，moonlight and artificial lights.
D When the night sky is without haze and fog.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT related to light pollution?
A A haze of light formed from artificial lights such as streetlights and building lights.
B Lights from different sources in the city stream into space and illuminate the night sky.
C The night sky is illuminated by the lights from big glowing cities in the night.
D Stargazing becomes difficult because there is a layer of haze in the air.
3.Does the writer think growing cities affect astronomerswork?Why does he think so?
A Yes.Because the once dark rural areas are polluted by lights.
B No.Because they can still see stars in rural areas.
C.Yes.Because rural areas are not a good place for astronomers to study stars。
D. No. Because faint light given off by stars call still be seen on a clear night
4. How does light pollutiotl affect wildlife? Which of the following is NOT correct?
A . Animals may go off course due to the attraction of artificial lights.
B . Animals might be attracted by artificial lights to go into cities.
C. Artificial lights at night may make migrating birds lose their way.
D Attracted by artificial lights，birds fly into lighted buildings.
5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the titleLight Night，Dark Stars?
A. The night sky is light colored and stars are black.
B. Lights appear at night and stars are seen in the dark.
C. Cities lights illunfinate the night sky and make stars invisible.
D City lights at night illuminate stars in the sky.
先理解標題，推測文章內容：Light Night，Dark Stars。沒有生詞，明亮的夜晚，昏暗的星空。只是看題目，還不易推測出文章的主要內容，因此，要快速瀏覽全文，看能否找到出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞或短語，它們有可能就是文章的核心!大家看到了我用黑線標出了出現(xiàn)頻率最多的短語：light pollution.所以可以推測文章的內容和光污染有關。
接下來判斷所給5題的題型，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)1至4都是細節(jié)題，因此只需要找到關鍵詞逐一回答即可。而第5題是主旨題，而且是最后一題，所以要等文章讀完后最后做。
1. When can people see 14000 stars?
A When they have a fairly good telescope當他們有一個非常不錯的望遠鏡.
B When they are in a large city當他們在大城市時.
C When the night sky is clear of clouds，moonlight and artificial lights當夜空中沒有云、月光和人造燈光時.
D When the night sky is without haze and fog當夜空沒有陰霾和大霧時.
分析：關鍵詞很容易找14000 stars，在第一段出現(xiàn)了該詞：
Thousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky.On a clear night， with no clouds, moonlight，or artificial lights to block the view，people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky，says Dennis Ward，an astronomer with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Researchin Boulder，Colo.But when people are surrounded by city lights.he says，theyre lucky to see 150 stars.
補充：請注意短語：be clear of sth: 無阻礙、障礙、危險
如：Wait until the road is clear of traffic before crossing.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT related to light pollution?
A A haze of light is formed from artificial lights such as streetlights and building lights.
B Lights from different sources in the city stream into space and illuminate the night sky來自于不同來源的光進入太空并照亮了夜空.
C The night sky is illuminated by the lights from big glowing cities in the night夜空由晚上大城市發(fā)出的光照亮.
D Stargazing becomes difficult because there is a layer of haze in the air由于空氣中有一層霾，所以觀望星星變得困難.
分析：本題的關鍵詞是light pollution,而且按照題目的題號應該在文章的前面，所以從第二段找找看：
If youve ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance, youve witnessed light pollution.It occurs when light from streetlights，office buildings，signs，and other sources streams into space and illuminates the night sky.This haze of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth.Even at night，big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazingdifficult所以，D的表述同光污染沒有關聯(lián)。
3.Does the writer think growing cities affect astronomers work?Why does he think so?
A Yes.Because the once dark rural areas are polluted by lights因為曾經(jīng)黑暗的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)被光污染了.
B No.Because they Call still see stars in rural areas.
C.Yes.Because rural areas are not a good place for astronomers to study stars因為鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)不是一個好的研究星星的地方。
D. No. Because faint light given off by stars call still be seen on a clear night
分析：題目是說：不斷擴大的城市會影響天文學家的工作嗎?為什么他會這樣認為?
在A答案中我們可以看到線索詞：polluted 和lights.所以，根據(jù)閱讀的規(guī)律，只要和線索詞有關的答案，多半就是最終答案。如果大家想檢查答案是否正確的話，也可以帶著關鍵詞astronomers 去找答案：
Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.
通過對句子的分析，排除答案B，D.留下A，C.在接下來的段落中可以對答案加以判斷：
Cities are getting larger.Suburbs are growing in once dark，rural areas.Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring the faint light given off by distant stars.And if scientists cant locate these objects，they cant learn more about them.
總結：做閱讀理解時大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心詞，只要被選項中有核心內容的出現(xiàn)就可以推測為正確答案!
4. How does light pollution affect wildlife? Which of the following is NOT correct?
A . Animals may go off course due to the attraction of artificial lights
由于受到人造光的吸引，動物們可能偏離航向.
B . Animals might be attracted by artificial lights to go into cities.
動物們可能會受到人造光的吸引而進入城市
C. Artificial lights at night may make migrating birds lose their way.
夜間的人造光可能會使遷徙的鳥類們迷路
D Attracted by artificial lights，birds fly into lighted buildings.
由于受到人造光的吸引，鳥類飛進有光的建筑物里。
分析：題目是說：光污染是如何影響野生動物?下列哪個說法不正確?
關鍵詞就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到內容：
Light pollution doesnt only affect star visibility.It can harm wildlife too.Its clear that artificial light call attract animals，making them go off course.Theres increasing evidence.For example, that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaus Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina.When light occurs at night, he says, it has a very disruptive influence.Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers，high rises，and cables from radio and televisioll towers.Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.
所以，答案B并未提到。
5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the titleLight Night，Dark Stars?
A. The night sky is light colored and stars are black夜空是淺色的而星星是黑色的.
B. Lights appear at night and stars are seen in the dark
光顯現(xiàn)在夜晚而在黑暗中人們看見星星.
C. Cities lights illunfinate the night sky and make stars invisible
城市的燈光照亮了夜空而使得星星已經(jīng)無法看見.
D City lights at night illuminate stars in the sky.
夜晚的城市的燈光照亮了天空中的星星。
分析：本題是唯一的一道主旨題，所以需要縱觀全文。通過我們對前4題的解答，完全可以判斷出文章的主題就是說：由于不斷擴大的城市，越來越多的城市燈光，已經(jīng)成為一種污染，使得天空中的星星黯然失色，所以答案就是C。
Light Night，Dark Stars
1. Thousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky.On a clear night， with no clouds, moonlight，or artificial lights to block the view，people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky，says Dennis Ward，an astronomer with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Researchin Boulder，Colo.But when people are surrounded by city lights.he says，theyre lucky to see 150 stars.
2. If youve ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance, youve witnessed light pollution.It occurs when light from streetlights，office buildings，signs，and other sources streams into space and illuminates the night sky.This haze of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth.Even at night，big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult。
3. Dust and particles of pollution from factories and industries worsen the effects ot light pollution.If one city has a lot more light pollution than another，Ward says，that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale.
4. Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.
5. Cities are getting larger.Suburbs are growing in once dark，rural areas.Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring tile faint light given off by distant stars.And if scientists cant locate these objects，they cant learn more about them.
6. Light pollution doesnt only affect star visibility.It can harm wildlife too.Its clear that artificial light call attract animals，making them go off course.Theres increasing evidence.For example, that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaus Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina.When light occurs at night, he says, it has a very disruptive influence.Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers，high rises，and cables from radio and televisioll towers.Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.
1. When can people see 14000 stars?
A When they have a fairly good telescope.
B When they are in a large city.
C When the night sky is clear of clouds，moonlight and artificial lights.
D When the night sky is without haze and fog.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT related to light pollution?
A A haze of light formed from artificial lights such as streetlights and building lights.
B Lights from different sources in the city stream into space and illuminate the night sky.
C The night sky is illuminated by the lights from big glowing cities in the night.
D Stargazing becomes difficult because there is a layer of haze in the air.
3.Does the writer think growing cities affect astronomerswork?Why does he think so?
A Yes.Because the once dark rural areas are polluted by lights.
B No.Because they can still see stars in rural areas.
C.Yes.Because rural areas are not a good place for astronomers to study stars。
D. No. Because faint light given off by stars call still be seen on a clear night
4. How does light pollutiotl affect wildlife? Which of the following is NOT correct?
A . Animals may go off course due to the attraction of artificial lights.
B . Animals might be attracted by artificial lights to go into cities.
C. Artificial lights at night may make migrating birds lose their way.
D Attracted by artificial lights，birds fly into lighted buildings.
5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the titleLight Night，Dark Stars?
A. The night sky is light colored and stars are black.
B. Lights appear at night and stars are seen in the dark.
C. Cities lights illunfinate the night sky and make stars invisible.
D City lights at night illuminate stars in the sky.
先理解標題，推測文章內容：Light Night，Dark Stars。沒有生詞，明亮的夜晚，昏暗的星空。只是看題目，還不易推測出文章的主要內容，因此，要快速瀏覽全文，看能否找到出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞或短語，它們有可能就是文章的核心!大家看到了我用黑線標出了出現(xiàn)頻率最多的短語：light pollution.所以可以推測文章的內容和光污染有關。
接下來判斷所給5題的題型，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)1至4都是細節(jié)題，因此只需要找到關鍵詞逐一回答即可。而第5題是主旨題，而且是最后一題，所以要等文章讀完后最后做。
1. When can people see 14000 stars?
A When they have a fairly good telescope當他們有一個非常不錯的望遠鏡.
B When they are in a large city當他們在大城市時.
C When the night sky is clear of clouds，moonlight and artificial lights當夜空中沒有云、月光和人造燈光時.
D When the night sky is without haze and fog當夜空沒有陰霾和大霧時.
分析：關鍵詞很容易找14000 stars，在第一段出現(xiàn)了該詞：
Thousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky.On a clear night， with no clouds, moonlight，or artificial lights to block the view，people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky，says Dennis Ward，an astronomer with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Researchin Boulder，Colo.But when people are surrounded by city lights.he says，theyre lucky to see 150 stars.
補充：請注意短語：be clear of sth: 無阻礙、障礙、危險
如：Wait until the road is clear of traffic before crossing.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT related to light pollution?
A A haze of light is formed from artificial lights such as streetlights and building lights.
B Lights from different sources in the city stream into space and illuminate the night sky來自于不同來源的光進入太空并照亮了夜空.
C The night sky is illuminated by the lights from big glowing cities in the night夜空由晚上大城市發(fā)出的光照亮.
D Stargazing becomes difficult because there is a layer of haze in the air由于空氣中有一層霾，所以觀望星星變得困難.
分析：本題的關鍵詞是light pollution,而且按照題目的題號應該在文章的前面，所以從第二段找找看：
If youve ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance, youve witnessed light pollution.It occurs when light from streetlights，office buildings，signs，and other sources streams into space and illuminates the night sky.This haze of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth.Even at night，big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazingdifficult所以，D的表述同光污染沒有關聯(lián)。
3.Does the writer think growing cities affect astronomers work?Why does he think so?
A Yes.Because the once dark rural areas are polluted by lights因為曾經(jīng)黑暗的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)被光污染了.
B No.Because they Call still see stars in rural areas.
C.Yes.Because rural areas are not a good place for astronomers to study stars因為鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)不是一個好的研究星星的地方。
D. No. Because faint light given off by stars call still be seen on a clear night
分析：題目是說：不斷擴大的城市會影響天文學家的工作嗎?為什么他會這樣認為?
在A答案中我們可以看到線索詞：polluted 和lights.所以，根據(jù)閱讀的規(guī)律，只要和線索詞有關的答案，多半就是最終答案。如果大家想檢查答案是否正確的話，也可以帶著關鍵詞astronomers 去找答案：
Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.
通過對句子的分析，排除答案B，D.留下A，C.在接下來的段落中可以對答案加以判斷：
Cities are getting larger.Suburbs are growing in once dark，rural areas.Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring the faint light given off by distant stars.And if scientists cant locate these objects，they cant learn more about them.
總結：做閱讀理解時大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心詞，只要被選項中有核心內容的出現(xiàn)就可以推測為正確答案!
4. How does light pollution affect wildlife? Which of the following is NOT correct?
A . Animals may go off course due to the attraction of artificial lights
由于受到人造光的吸引，動物們可能偏離航向.
B . Animals might be attracted by artificial lights to go into cities.
動物們可能會受到人造光的吸引而進入城市
C. Artificial lights at night may make migrating birds lose their way.
夜間的人造光可能會使遷徙的鳥類們迷路
D Attracted by artificial lights，birds fly into lighted buildings.
由于受到人造光的吸引，鳥類飛進有光的建筑物里。
分析：題目是說：光污染是如何影響野生動物?下列哪個說法不正確?
關鍵詞就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到內容：
Light pollution doesnt only affect star visibility.It can harm wildlife too.Its clear that artificial light call attract animals，making them go off course.Theres increasing evidence.For example, that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaus Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina.When light occurs at night, he says, it has a very disruptive influence.Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers，high rises，and cables from radio and televisioll towers.Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.
所以，答案B并未提到。
5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the titleLight Night，Dark Stars?
A. The night sky is light colored and stars are black夜空是淺色的而星星是黑色的.
B. Lights appear at night and stars are seen in the dark
光顯現(xiàn)在夜晚而在黑暗中人們看見星星.
C. Cities lights illunfinate the night sky and make stars invisible
城市的燈光照亮了夜空而使得星星已經(jīng)無法看見.
D City lights at night illuminate stars in the sky.
夜晚的城市的燈光照亮了天空中的星星。
分析：本題是唯一的一道主旨題，所以需要縱觀全文。通過我們對前4題的解答，完全可以判斷出文章的主題就是說：由于不斷擴大的城市，越來越多的城市燈光，已經(jīng)成為一種污染，使得天空中的星星黯然失色，所以答案就是C。
