gre作文考試中11種修辭手法的運(yùn)用及要點(diǎn)

　　應(yīng)用修辭是讓我們的語言更富于形象性，當(dāng)我們運(yùn)用不同的詞匯，不管高級(jí)還是低級(jí)，修辭的運(yùn)用將會(huì)比普通的詞匯更有文學(xué)層面上的意義，從修辭中我們可以增加想要說明的效果，創(chuàng)造更有暗示性的景象，并且不動(dòng)聲色的為自己的水平加分。

　　針對(duì)GRE的寫作，我們?cè)诔Ｓ玫?6種修辭中應(yīng)用的并不多，來來去去的不過十幾種常用的。下面，我們來看看11種修辭。

　　1) Simile：It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. To make the comparison， words like as， asas， as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other.For example， As cold waters to a thirsty soul， so is good news from a far country.

　　2) Metaphor：It is like a simile， also makes a comparison between two unlike elements， but unlike a simile， this comparison is implied rather than stated.For example， the world is a stage.

　　以上兩種的喻類修辭比較簡(jiǎn)單，在運(yùn)用的時(shí)候想到什么適合的本體和喻體就可以進(jìn)行喻。

　　3) Analogy： It is also a form of comparison， but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance， analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.

　　類比的學(xué)習(xí)最好的老師就是Argument，阿狗里面的false analogy類比很多都是我們鉆牛角尖的找出來的，但是，實(shí)際上我們很多的情況下再無話可說的時(shí)候都可以運(yùn)用類比，比如說，我們?cè)谟懻撜毮艿臅r(shí)候，假如我們不了解政府職能，我們可以從我們了解的組織談起，比如我們可以討論班級(jí)，學(xué)校，公司，或者一些大型小型組織，從一個(gè)具體的問題到另一個(gè)問題而避免談一些不熟悉的問題。具體的陳述可以如下開展類似：

　　When comes to the issue of empowerment

　　1. This point can be better illustrated by comparing a class with a business。 然后business bla bla

　　2.Teachers who possess power and exert it to conduct class play a similar role as business managers do. 然后，只討論課堂不討論商業(yè)了

　　例如~

　　Student who is granted/ given/ empowered/ endowed are more motivated power are not rightly supervised and restricted and the class get out of control will lead to/ result in/ turn into/ prove to be flop/ fiasco/ blunder/failure/ catastrophe

　　3. Elaborate a class進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的class描寫

　　4. 點(diǎn)睛之筆 So is a business.類比其實(shí)就是某種層面上的跑題，大部分的跑題是無意識(shí)的，但是我們要讓這種有目的的跑題為我們的文章服務(wù)，這就是學(xué)習(xí)類比修辭的意義所在。

　　4) Personification： It gives human form of feelings to animals， or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects， or to ideas and abstractions。For example， the wind whistled through the trees.

　　5) Hyperbole： It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis.

　　For instance， he almost died laughing.

　　6) Understatement： It is the opposite of hyperbole， or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately understating it， impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement.For instance， It is no laughing matter.

　　7) Euphemism： It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant.For instance， we refer to die as pass away.

　　8) Metonymy It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another.For instance， the pen is mightier than the sword .

　　9) Synecdoche It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole， or the whole for the part.For instance， they say theres bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.

　　10) Antonomasia It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now， though it is still in frequent use.

　　For example， Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.

　　上面的幾種修辭手法我們有時(shí)候在不經(jīng)意的時(shí)候就用了，刻意的去構(gòu)思有時(shí)候反而想不到，而一般非英語專業(yè)的同學(xué)也不必每種修辭手法都詳細(xì)了解并學(xué)習(xí)。

　　11) Pun： It is a play on words， or rather a play on the form and meaning of words.

　　For instance， a cannon-ball took off his legs， so he laid down his arms.

　　應(yīng)用修辭是讓我們的語言更富于形象性，當(dāng)我們運(yùn)用不同的詞匯，不管高級(jí)還是低級(jí)，修辭的運(yùn)用將會(huì)比普通的詞匯更有文學(xué)層面上的意義，從修辭中我們可以增加想要說明的效果，創(chuàng)造更有暗示性的景象，并且不動(dòng)聲色的為自己的水平加分。

　　針對(duì)GRE的寫作，我們?cè)诔Ｓ玫?6種修辭中應(yīng)用的并不多，來來去去的不過十幾種常用的。下面，我們來看看11種修辭。

　　1) Simile：It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. To make the comparison， words like as， asas， as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other.For example， As cold waters to a thirsty soul， so is good news from a far country.

　　2) Metaphor：It is like a simile， also makes a comparison between two unlike elements， but unlike a simile， this comparison is implied rather than stated.For example， the world is a stage.

　　以上兩種的喻類修辭比較簡(jiǎn)單，在運(yùn)用的時(shí)候想到什么適合的本體和喻體就可以進(jìn)行喻。

　　3) Analogy： It is also a form of comparison， but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance， analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.

　　類比的學(xué)習(xí)最好的老師就是Argument，阿狗里面的false analogy類比很多都是我們鉆牛角尖的找出來的，但是，實(shí)際上我們很多的情況下再無話可說的時(shí)候都可以運(yùn)用類比，比如說，我們?cè)谟懻撜毮艿臅r(shí)候，假如我們不了解政府職能，我們可以從我們了解的組織談起，比如我們可以討論班級(jí)，學(xué)校，公司，或者一些大型小型組織，從一個(gè)具體的問題到另一個(gè)問題而避免談一些不熟悉的問題。具體的陳述可以如下開展類似：

　　When comes to the issue of empowerment

　　1. This point can be better illustrated by comparing a class with a business。 然后business bla bla

　　2.Teachers who possess power and exert it to conduct class play a similar role as business managers do. 然后，只討論課堂不討論商業(yè)了

　　例如~

　　Student who is granted/ given/ empowered/ endowed are more motivated power are not rightly supervised and restricted and the class get out of control will lead to/ result in/ turn into/ prove to be flop/ fiasco/ blunder/failure/ catastrophe

　　3. Elaborate a class進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的class描寫

　　4. 點(diǎn)睛之筆 So is a business.類比其實(shí)就是某種層面上的跑題，大部分的跑題是無意識(shí)的，但是我們要讓這種有目的的跑題為我們的文章服務(wù)，這就是學(xué)習(xí)類比修辭的意義所在。

　　4) Personification： It gives human form of feelings to animals， or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects， or to ideas and abstractions。For example， the wind whistled through the trees.

　　5) Hyperbole： It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis.

　　For instance， he almost died laughing.

　　6) Understatement： It is the opposite of hyperbole， or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately understating it， impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement.For instance， It is no laughing matter.

　　7) Euphemism： It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant.For instance， we refer to die as pass away.

　　8) Metonymy It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another.For instance， the pen is mightier than the sword .

　　9) Synecdoche It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole， or the whole for the part.For instance， they say theres bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.

　　10) Antonomasia It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now， though it is still in frequent use.

　　For example， Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.

　　上面的幾種修辭手法我們有時(shí)候在不經(jīng)意的時(shí)候就用了，刻意的去構(gòu)思有時(shí)候反而想不到，而一般非英語專業(yè)的同學(xué)也不必每種修辭手法都詳細(xì)了解并學(xué)習(xí)。

　　11) Pun： It is a play on words， or rather a play on the form and meaning of words.

　　For instance， a cannon-ball took off his legs， so he laid down his arms.