精選職稱英語(yǔ)閱讀理解中英文對(duì)照：衛(wèi)生類

由雕龍文庫(kù) 分享時(shí)間：2024-03-15 17:49:47 收藏本文

　　1. Speaking English fluently and accurately is a goal of many people studying English in China. Fluency can be simply defined as being able to communicate ideas without having to stop and think too much about what one is saying; speaking accurately means speaking without errors of grammar and vocabulary.

　　1、流利并準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)是中國(guó)許多英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的一個(gè)目標(biāo)。流利可簡(jiǎn)單也定義為具有交流各種思想的能力，無(wú)須停下來(lái)對(duì)話題進(jìn)行過(guò)多思考。說(shuō)舌準(zhǔn)確的意思是說(shuō)話不犯語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和詞匯錯(cuò)誤。

　　2. The problem is that many students find that if they try to speak fast, they make more mistakes. And, if they slow down, there may be fewer errors but it can sound unnatural. So, how do balance accuracy and fluency in spoken English?

　　2、問(wèn)題在于：許多學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果他們?cè)噲D講得快，所犯錯(cuò)誤就更多。如果他們講話速度放慢，錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)減少，可是聽(tīng)上去就不自然。所以，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確與流利，如何才能平衡起來(lái)呢?

　　3. It can depend on the manner in which one has studied English in the past. People who tend to focus on accuracy may find that they worry too much about making mistakes. This can make them nervous or embarrassed about speaking English in public. As a result, their spoken English might not improve. This means that, although they know English grammar and vocabulary well, they might not be able to hold a good conversation.

　　3、這可能取決于一個(gè)人過(guò)去學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的態(tài)度。那些往往注重于說(shuō)話準(zhǔn)確的人們可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們對(duì)犯錯(cuò)誤操心過(guò)多。這可能導(dǎo)致他們?cè)诠妶?chǎng)合說(shuō)英語(yǔ)感到緊張或?qū)擂巍Ｋ裕麄兊挠⒄Z(yǔ)口語(yǔ)可能得不到提高。這就意味著，盡管他們掌握了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，也熟悉英語(yǔ)詞匯，他們可能不能成功地開(kāi)展對(duì)話。

　　4. On the other hand, there are those who really like to talk and are willing to try their language out even if they make mistakes. This willingness to take risks helps them speak more fluidly. But, if they make a lot of mistakes, they may find it difficult to get their ideas across.

　　4、另一方面，有一些人真的很喜歡說(shuō)話，而且就算講錯(cuò)，他們都愿意試著說(shuō)。這種敢于冒險(xiǎn)的意愿幫助他們說(shuō)得更流利。但是如果他們講話錯(cuò)誤百出，就會(huì)覺(jué)得很難表達(dá)自己的思想。

　　5. The debate about which is more importantfluency or accuracyin the English language has lasted for a long time. Still, one thing is clear: speaking a language well needs both fluency and accuracy. How can we be sure that we can develop both? The following tips could help.

　　5、講英語(yǔ)流利重要還是準(zhǔn)確重要，關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題的辯論持續(xù)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。然而，有一點(diǎn)是明確的，即說(shuō)好一門(mén)語(yǔ)言既要流利又要準(zhǔn)確。如何才能做到講話既流利又準(zhǔn)確呢?下面的建議也許會(huì)有所幫助。

　　6. Find the problem. What kind of person are youone who focuses on accuracy or one who focuses on frequency? The first step is to recognize your problem and go to work on it. Think about situations where youve used English and how you felt about making mistakes? Do you always try some new language even though it might not be correct? Or do you feel embarrassed by mistakes?

　　6、發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。你屬于怎樣的一類人?你注重說(shuō)話準(zhǔn)確還是注重說(shuō)話流利?第一步是認(rèn)識(shí)到你的問(wèn)題，然后著手解決問(wèn)題。回想一下你使用過(guò)英語(yǔ)的若干情景，你對(duì)說(shuō)錯(cuò)有何感受?即使你不一定說(shuō)得對(duì)，你經(jīng)常試著講某種新學(xué)的語(yǔ)言嗎?你是否因犯錯(cuò)誤而感到困窘呢?

　　7. Focus on one problem at a time. When you speak English, find the mistakes you make most often. One mistake Chinese often make is omitting the s from the third person singular verb. Or you may speak too slowly as if you were searching for the right word and correct grammar. The next time you use English, try to work on those problems you have identified. If its fluency, try to focus on it. If you have a problem with the third person singular, try to concentrate on when you make such errors. Dont spend time thinking about other mistakes. By choosing an area to work on, you can isolate problems and help yourself overcome them.

　　7、一次關(guān)注一個(gè)問(wèn)題。當(dāng)你說(shuō)英語(yǔ)時(shí)，找到你最常犯的錯(cuò)誤。中國(guó)人常犯的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤是第三人稱單數(shù)動(dòng)詞漏掉s。或者你可能說(shuō)得太慢，好像你在尋找合適的單詞和正確的語(yǔ)法似的。你下一次使用英語(yǔ)時(shí)，力求改正那些你已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到的問(wèn)題。如果是流利的問(wèn)題，那就力求講快些。如果你的問(wèn)題是在第三人稱單數(shù)，那就盡力專注于你犯此類錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候。不要費(fèi)時(shí)思考其他錯(cuò)誤。選定解決問(wèn)題的范疇，你就能使問(wèn)題孤立起來(lái)，各個(gè)擊破，這樣有助于自己克服問(wèn)題。

　　8. Vary your practice. If you go to an English comer or an English club, try to change the types of activities you take part in so that you practice both fluency and accuracy. Public speaking allows you to slow down and be sure you have time to concentrate on the language. Meanwhile, discussions are good practice for fluency, especially if you dont stop each time a mistake is made.

　　8、參加各種實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。如果你去參加英語(yǔ)角或英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部，設(shè)法改變你參加的活動(dòng)類型，以便訓(xùn)練英語(yǔ)的流利性和準(zhǔn)確性。公共演講會(huì)使你放慢速度，并保證你有時(shí)間關(guān)注語(yǔ)言。同時(shí)，討論是很好的訓(xùn)練流利的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)，如果你不是一出錯(cuò)就停，更是如此。

　　9. Learn the difference between fluency and speed. Some Chinese think that speaking fast is the same as speaking fluently. In fact, speaking fluently involves not only speed. It also involves stress, pronunciation and intonation. If you make a mistake in these, speaking fast will only make it worse. Dont sacrifice understanding for speed.

　　9、弄懂流利與速度的差異。有些中國(guó)人認(rèn)為。說(shuō)話迅速就是說(shuō)話流利。事實(shí)上，說(shuō)話流利不僅需要說(shuō)話速度，它同時(shí)還涉及重音、語(yǔ)音和語(yǔ)調(diào)。如果你在這些方面犯有錯(cuò)誤，那么說(shuō)得快只會(huì)使你錯(cuò)得更厲害。不要為了速度而犧牲理解。

　　10. Try recording yourself. Take a tape recorder and record a conversation with a friend or a speech or monologue as you do it naturally! A two-or-three-minute recording is enough. When youve finished, listen to yourself. Can you identify and correct any errors? Make it a regular practice. The more you record yourself, the more confident and natural sounding you will become.

　　10、自己嘗試錄音。用錄音機(jī)錄下你與朋友的對(duì)話，或錄下你自己的落落大方的演講或獨(dú)白。錄音兩三分鐘就足夠了。錄音完畢，專心傾聽(tīng)你自己的錄音。你能辨認(rèn)并矯正錯(cuò)誤嗎?把這種錄音當(dāng)做常規(guī)練習(xí)。你自己錄音越多，你就越有自信，你的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)上去會(huì)更自然。