2023年職稱英語衛生類考試教材閱讀理解文章及練習
U. S. Eats Too Much Salt
People in the United States consume more than twice the recommended amount1 of salt, raising their risk for high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, government health experts said on Thursday.
They found nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt diet of no more than 1,500 mg per day2，yet most consume closer to 3,500 mg per day.
Its important for people to eat less salt. People who adopt a heart-healthy eating pattern that includes a diet low in sodium and rich in potassium and calcium can improve their blood pressure,Dr. Darwin Labarthe of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in a statement.
People need to know their recommended daily sodium limit and take action to reduce sodium intake, Labarthe said.
The study in CDCs weekly report on death and disease used national survey data to show that two out of three adults should be consuming no more than 1，500 mg of sodium per day because they are black or over the age of 40一which are considered high-risk groups.
Yet studies show most people in the United States eat 3,436 mg of sodium per day, according to a 20052006 CDC estimate.
Most of the sodium eaten comes from packaged, processed and restaurant foods. The CDC said it will join other agencies in the Health and Human Services department in working with major food manufacturers and chain restaurants to reduce sodium levels in the food supply.
Nationwide, 16 million men and women have heart disease and 5.8 million are estimated to have had a stroke. Cutting salt consumption can reduce these risks, the CDC said.
詞匯：
sodium /s??d??m/ n.鈉
potassium /p?t?s??m/ n.鉀
calcium /k?ls??m/ n.鈣
intake /?nte?k/ n.納入量
注釋:
1.more than twice the recommended amount：比推薦量的兩倍還多
2.They found nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt diet of no more than 1,500 mg per day：他們發現將近分之七十的美國成年人屬于高危人群,如果他們的日食鹽量降至l,500毫克,則會從中受益。
練習：
1.Too much salt raises ones risk for
A.high blood pressure.
B.heart attacks.
C.strokes.
D.all of the above.
2.How much salt do most American adults eat per day?
A.No more than 1,500 mg.
B.Closer to 3,500 mg.
C.Less than 3,436 mg.
D.Closer to 1,500 mg.
3.To improve their blood pressure, people should have a diet
A.rich in potassium and sodium.
B.rich in potassium and calcium.
C.rich in calcium arid sodium.
D.none of the above.
4.The high-risk groups include those
A.who are black.
B.who are over the age of 40.
C.who are white and young.
D.both A and B.
5.Packaged, processed and restaurant foods are known to be
A.cheap.
B.tasty.
C.rich in salt.
D.healthy.
答案與題解：
1.D短文第一段說,吃鹽過多會增加罹患高血壓、心臟病和中風的危險。
2.B短文的第二段說,大多數美國成年人的日食鹽量接近3,500毫克。
3.B短文的第三段說,采用低鈉并富含鉀、鈣的飲食方式將有助于改善血壓。
4.D短文的第五段說,黑人和年齡超過40歲的人被視為高危人群。
5.C短文的倒數第二段說,人們所食用的鈉絕大部分來自于包裝、加工和飯店食品。
譯文：美國人吃鹽過量
美國人的食鹽量比推薦食用量的兩倍還多，這增加了他們罹患高血壓、心臟病以及中風的危險， 政府部門的健康專家周二表示。 ?
健康專家發現近七成的美國成年人屬于高危人群，如果他們的日食鹽量降至1，500毫克，則會 從中受益,然而大多數美國成年人的日食鹽量接近3,500毫克。
少吃鹽對人們很重要。采用低鈉并富含鉀、鈣的飲食方式有助于維持心臟健康、改善血壓， 疾病預防控制中心的達爾文?拉巴德博士在一份聲明中談到。
人們需要了解推薦日食鈉量的限制并釆取措施減少鈉的攝入量，拉巴德說。 疾病預防控制中心每周公布的有關死亡和疾病的研究報告采用了全國普查的數據，結果顯示三 分之二的成年人的日食鈉量均不應超過1，500毫克，因為他們是被視為高危人群的黑人或者年齡超 過40歲的人。
然而根據疾病預防控制中心20052006年的估計,美國大多數人的日食鈉量為3,436毫克。
大多數食用鈉都來自于袋裝的、加工過的和餐廳食品。疾病預防控制中心稱其將和美國衛生與 公共服務部的其他部門一道聯手主要食品生產商和連鎖餐廳,降低食品供應中的鈉含量。
全國已有1，600萬人罹患心臟病，估計還有580萬人已患中風。減少食鹽量可以使患這些疾病 的風險降低，疾病預防控制中心稱。
U. S. Eats Too Much Salt
People in the United States consume more than twice the recommended amount1 of salt, raising their risk for high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, government health experts said on Thursday.
They found nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt diet of no more than 1,500 mg per day2，yet most consume closer to 3,500 mg per day.
Its important for people to eat less salt. People who adopt a heart-healthy eating pattern that includes a diet low in sodium and rich in potassium and calcium can improve their blood pressure,Dr. Darwin Labarthe of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in a statement.
People need to know their recommended daily sodium limit and take action to reduce sodium intake, Labarthe said.
The study in CDCs weekly report on death and disease used national survey data to show that two out of three adults should be consuming no more than 1，500 mg of sodium per day because they are black or over the age of 40一which are considered high-risk groups.
Yet studies show most people in the United States eat 3,436 mg of sodium per day, according to a 20052006 CDC estimate.
Most of the sodium eaten comes from packaged, processed and restaurant foods. The CDC said it will join other agencies in the Health and Human Services department in working with major food manufacturers and chain restaurants to reduce sodium levels in the food supply.
Nationwide, 16 million men and women have heart disease and 5.8 million are estimated to have had a stroke. Cutting salt consumption can reduce these risks, the CDC said.
詞匯：
sodium /s??d??m/ n.鈉
potassium /p?t?s??m/ n.鉀
calcium /k?ls??m/ n.鈣
intake /?nte?k/ n.納入量
注釋:
1.more than twice the recommended amount：比推薦量的兩倍還多
2.They found nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt diet of no more than 1,500 mg per day：他們發現將近分之七十的美國成年人屬于高危人群,如果他們的日食鹽量降至l,500毫克,則會從中受益。
練習：
1.Too much salt raises ones risk for
A.high blood pressure.
B.heart attacks.
C.strokes.
D.all of the above.
2.How much salt do most American adults eat per day?
A.No more than 1,500 mg.
B.Closer to 3,500 mg.
C.Less than 3,436 mg.
D.Closer to 1,500 mg.
3.To improve their blood pressure, people should have a diet
A.rich in potassium and sodium.
B.rich in potassium and calcium.
C.rich in calcium arid sodium.
D.none of the above.
4.The high-risk groups include those
A.who are black.
B.who are over the age of 40.
C.who are white and young.
D.both A and B.
5.Packaged, processed and restaurant foods are known to be
A.cheap.
B.tasty.
C.rich in salt.
D.healthy.
答案與題解：
1.D短文第一段說,吃鹽過多會增加罹患高血壓、心臟病和中風的危險。
2.B短文的第二段說,大多數美國成年人的日食鹽量接近3,500毫克。
3.B短文的第三段說,采用低鈉并富含鉀、鈣的飲食方式將有助于改善血壓。
4.D短文的第五段說,黑人和年齡超過40歲的人被視為高危人群。
5.C短文的倒數第二段說,人們所食用的鈉絕大部分來自于包裝、加工和飯店食品。
譯文：美國人吃鹽過量
美國人的食鹽量比推薦食用量的兩倍還多，這增加了他們罹患高血壓、心臟病以及中風的危險， 政府部門的健康專家周二表示。 ?
健康專家發現近七成的美國成年人屬于高危人群，如果他們的日食鹽量降至1，500毫克，則會 從中受益,然而大多數美國成年人的日食鹽量接近3,500毫克。
少吃鹽對人們很重要。采用低鈉并富含鉀、鈣的飲食方式有助于維持心臟健康、改善血壓， 疾病預防控制中心的達爾文?拉巴德博士在一份聲明中談到。
人們需要了解推薦日食鈉量的限制并釆取措施減少鈉的攝入量，拉巴德說。 疾病預防控制中心每周公布的有關死亡和疾病的研究報告采用了全國普查的數據，結果顯示三 分之二的成年人的日食鈉量均不應超過1，500毫克，因為他們是被視為高危人群的黑人或者年齡超 過40歲的人。
然而根據疾病預防控制中心20052006年的估計,美國大多數人的日食鈉量為3,436毫克。
大多數食用鈉都來自于袋裝的、加工過的和餐廳食品。疾病預防控制中心稱其將和美國衛生與 公共服務部的其他部門一道聯手主要食品生產商和連鎖餐廳,降低食品供應中的鈉含量。
全國已有1，600萬人罹患心臟病，估計還有580萬人已患中風。減少食鹽量可以使患這些疾病 的風險降低，疾病預防控制中心稱。
