牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:342 時(shí)間從句
A 時(shí)間從句由下列表示時(shí)間的連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)：
after immediately till/until
as nosoonerthan when
as soon as since whenever
before the sooner while
hardlywhen
時(shí)間從句也可由the minute，the moment來(lái)引導(dǎo)。
用when，as，while的例句，參見(jiàn)第331節(jié)至第333節(jié)。
用before的例句，參見(jiàn)第195節(jié)B。
B 請(qǐng)留意，時(shí)間從句中不用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或條件時(shí)態(tài)。
1 如將下列將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)放入時(shí)間從句中，須將它變?yōu)橐话銜r(shí)態(tài)。
一般將來(lái)時(shí)：
Youll be back soon.Ill stay till then.
你會(huì)很快回來(lái)，我一直等到那時(shí)。相當(dāng)于：
Ill stay till you get back.
我一直等到你回來(lái)。
be going to形式：
The parachutist is going to jump.Soon after he jumps his parachute will open.
跳傘運(yùn)動(dòng)員要往下跳。他剛跳之后不久，降落傘就會(huì)打開(kāi)。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用做一般將來(lái)時(shí)和將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)：
Hes arriving/Hell be arriving at six.
他將在6點(diǎn)到。
但是：
When he arrives hell tell us all about the match.
等他到了，他會(huì)好好給我們講講那場(chǎng)比賽。
Before he arrives Ill give the children their tea.
在他來(lái)到之前，我會(huì)給孩子們吃茶點(diǎn)的。
如進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示某一行動(dòng)在繼續(xù)，則其完全可以用在表示時(shí)間的從句中：
Peter and John will be playing/are playing/are going to play tennis tonight.While they are playing(during this time)well go to the beach.
今晚彼得和約翰要去打網(wǎng)球。他們打球時(shí)，我們將去海濱。
2 在時(shí)間從句中，將來(lái)完成時(shí)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：
Ill have finished in the bathroom in a few minutes.
我一會(huì)兒就用完浴室了。
The moment/As soon as I have finished Ill give you a call.
我一完事兒，就給你打電話。
3 在時(shí)間從句中，條件時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)：
We knew that he would arrive/would be arriving about six.
我們知道他將在六點(diǎn)鐘左右到。
We knew that till he arrived nothing would be done.
我們知道在他到來(lái)之前，什么都干不了。
但是，如when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)名詞從句，后面可跟將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或條件時(shí)態(tài)：
He said，When will the train get in?
他說(shuō)：火車(chē)什么時(shí)候進(jìn)站?相當(dāng)于：
He asked when the train would get in.
他問(wèn)火車(chē)什么時(shí)候進(jìn)站。
C since從句
since從句后面常跟完成時(shí)態(tài)：
Theyve moved house twice since they got married./Since they gotmarried，theyve moved house twice.
他們結(jié)婚后已搬了兩次家。
He said hed lived in a tent since his house burnt down.
他說(shuō)自從他的房屋被燒毀后，他就一直住在帳篷里。
Its ages since I sailed/have sailed a boat.
我未駕駛帆船已有好多年了。
I havent sailed a boat since I left college.
自從我大學(xué)畢業(yè)后就沒(méi)再駕駛帆船了。
D after從句
after從句之后常跟完成時(shí)態(tài)：
After/When he had rung off I remembered
等他把電話掛斷了之后，我才想起
After/When youve finished with it，hang it up.
你用完了之后，請(qǐng)把它掛起來(lái)。
E hardly/scarcely when，no sooner than：
The performance had hardly begun when the lights went out.
Hardly had the performance begun when the lights went out.
演出剛開(kāi)始就停電了。
這里可以用scarcely代替hardly，但不常見(jiàn)。
He had no sooner drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy.
No sooner had he drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy.
他喝了咖啡沒(méi)多一會(huì)兒，就犯困了。
He no sooner earns any money than he spends it.
Immediately he earns any money he spends it.
他錢(qián)一掙到手，就花光了。
注意the soonerthe sooner的用法：
The sooner we start，the sooner well be there.
我們動(dòng)身得越早，到那兒就越早。
A 時(shí)間從句由下列表示時(shí)間的連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)：
after immediately till/until
as nosoonerthan when
as soon as since whenever
before the sooner while
hardlywhen
時(shí)間從句也可由the minute，the moment來(lái)引導(dǎo)。
用when，as，while的例句，參見(jiàn)第331節(jié)至第333節(jié)。
用before的例句，參見(jiàn)第195節(jié)B。
B 請(qǐng)留意，時(shí)間從句中不用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或條件時(shí)態(tài)。
1 如將下列將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)放入時(shí)間從句中，須將它變?yōu)橐话銜r(shí)態(tài)。
一般將來(lái)時(shí)：
Youll be back soon.Ill stay till then.
你會(huì)很快回來(lái)，我一直等到那時(shí)。相當(dāng)于：
Ill stay till you get back.
我一直等到你回來(lái)。
be going to形式：
The parachutist is going to jump.Soon after he jumps his parachute will open.
跳傘運(yùn)動(dòng)員要往下跳。他剛跳之后不久，降落傘就會(huì)打開(kāi)。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用做一般將來(lái)時(shí)和將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)：
Hes arriving/Hell be arriving at six.
他將在6點(diǎn)到。
但是：
When he arrives hell tell us all about the match.
等他到了，他會(huì)好好給我們講講那場(chǎng)比賽。
Before he arrives Ill give the children their tea.
在他來(lái)到之前，我會(huì)給孩子們吃茶點(diǎn)的。
如進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示某一行動(dòng)在繼續(xù)，則其完全可以用在表示時(shí)間的從句中：
Peter and John will be playing/are playing/are going to play tennis tonight.While they are playing(during this time)well go to the beach.
今晚彼得和約翰要去打網(wǎng)球。他們打球時(shí)，我們將去海濱。
2 在時(shí)間從句中，將來(lái)完成時(shí)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：
Ill have finished in the bathroom in a few minutes.
我一會(huì)兒就用完浴室了。
The moment/As soon as I have finished Ill give you a call.
我一完事兒，就給你打電話。
3 在時(shí)間從句中，條件時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)：
We knew that he would arrive/would be arriving about six.
我們知道他將在六點(diǎn)鐘左右到。
We knew that till he arrived nothing would be done.
我們知道在他到來(lái)之前，什么都干不了。
但是，如when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)名詞從句，后面可跟將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或條件時(shí)態(tài)：
He said，When will the train get in?
他說(shuō)：火車(chē)什么時(shí)候進(jìn)站?相當(dāng)于：
He asked when the train would get in.
他問(wèn)火車(chē)什么時(shí)候進(jìn)站。
C since從句
since從句后面常跟完成時(shí)態(tài)：
Theyve moved house twice since they got married./Since they gotmarried，theyve moved house twice.
他們結(jié)婚后已搬了兩次家。
He said hed lived in a tent since his house burnt down.
他說(shuō)自從他的房屋被燒毀后，他就一直住在帳篷里。
Its ages since I sailed/have sailed a boat.
我未駕駛帆船已有好多年了。
I havent sailed a boat since I left college.
自從我大學(xué)畢業(yè)后就沒(méi)再駕駛帆船了。
D after從句
after從句之后常跟完成時(shí)態(tài)：
After/When he had rung off I remembered
等他把電話掛斷了之后，我才想起
After/When youve finished with it，hang it up.
你用完了之后，請(qǐng)把它掛起來(lái)。
E hardly/scarcely when，no sooner than：
The performance had hardly begun when the lights went out.
Hardly had the performance begun when the lights went out.
演出剛開(kāi)始就停電了。
這里可以用scarcely代替hardly，但不常見(jiàn)。
He had no sooner drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy.
No sooner had he drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy.
他喝了咖啡沒(méi)多一會(huì)兒，就犯困了。
He no sooner earns any money than he spends it.
Immediately he earns any money he spends it.
他錢(qián)一掙到手，就花光了。
注意the soonerthe sooner的用法：
The sooner we start，the sooner well be there.
我們動(dòng)身得越早，到那兒就越早。
