2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)寫(xiě)作增分技巧講解課件：6 書(shū)面表達(dá)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤及對(duì)策

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　　寫(xiě)作進(jìn)階提升之六

　　寫(xiě)作進(jìn)階提升 ——書(shū)面表達(dá)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤及對(duì)策常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤有以下幾個(gè)方面：

　　1.審題錯(cuò)誤

　　抓不住文章的所要寫(xiě)的要點(diǎn) 例文（1）中國(guó)學(xué)生通常過(guò)生日的方式，如生日聚會(huì)、生日禮物、生日祝福等；（2）我認(rèn)為有意義的慶祝方式以及這樣做的目的或理由。

　　Chinese Birthday

　　First let me show you something about the Chinese birthday. Usually it includes three parts: party, gift and good rewards. On the birthday, we often wear our favorite clothes , which makes us very happy. We also will organize a birthday party in the evening. At the party, we’ll prepare lots of delicious foods, especially the birthday cake. Then we will eat the cake. We sing and dance together. At last, we’ll take the gift to the person who was born on that day. In the gift there will be a card, on which are our best wishes. 2.格式錯(cuò)誤

　　不熟悉常見(jiàn)應(yīng)用文的格式

　　需要熟練掌握的應(yīng)用文有：書(shū)信、日記、通知（分書(shū)面通知和口頭通知） Receiver’s address Date Dear …, Body of the letter… Sincerely/Truly Yours, Writer’s name Saturday, February 14th. 2007, Sunny

　　The body of the your diary… Boys and girls, may I have your attention, please? / Attention please, everyone.

　　……… That’s all. Thank you! 口頭通知書(shū)面通知

　　Notice

　　……

　　Student’s Union

　　3. 詞法錯(cuò)誤 1)用詞重復(fù) 如：return back; repeat again; Chinese students in China have our own way to celebrate birthday. 2) 用詞不當(dāng) 如：把bring寫(xiě)成“take”，“get”，“fetch”等把歡迎某人到我校寫(xiě)成welcome you to visit our school 正確的說(shuō)法是：You are welcome to visit our school.或Welcome to our school.

　　3)詞性混淆 A.不及物動(dòng)詞當(dāng)成及物動(dòng)詞：例如：is happened / is belonged to/ come (to) the city/ return (to) the place B.把形容詞用作動(dòng)詞如：例如：This will happy the foreign visitors.

　　Please ready a small gift.

　　C.不可數(shù)名詞用成可數(shù)名詞：例如:make a great progress

　　what a fine weather day!

　　D.形容詞和副詞的使用錯(cuò)誤例如：work hardly

　　talk friendly

　　Don’t take it serious. 4）虛詞錯(cuò)誤 A.冠詞的漏用和誤用例如：Send him a email. B.介詞使用錯(cuò)誤例如：They had to wait the bus under the hot sun. under the sun:普天之下 5）拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤把禮物present寫(xiě)成peasant –parents, pleasant, 如把present寫(xiě)成parents那行文就成了please bring along your small parents for this purpose. Remember to wrap it up. sign your name and write a few words of good wishes.

　　注意同形詞:model-medal-mental-metal

　　effort-effect-offer-affect

　　abroad-board-broad-aboard

　　strict-strike-stick 注意易拼錯(cuò)單詞：modern, government, destroy, true, official等

　　4. 句法錯(cuò)誤 1）連詞錯(cuò)誤如：because 與 so; although/though 與 but同時(shí)使用。或兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有連詞，如：He likes English, I like Maths. 2) 漢式英語(yǔ) 如：“晚會(huì)將在主樓花園頂上舉行?！睂?xiě)成” The party will in the main building roof garden held.”

　　“操場(chǎng)上有五個(gè)學(xué)生在踢足球。”寫(xiě)成 “On the playground there are five students play football.” 把There will be a party寫(xiě)成There will have a party. 3）句子前后不一致學(xué)生常常容易在文章中的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)、主謂一致出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。如：The place can solve the problem.

　　The book was disappeared last week.

　　Mr Smith, with his wife, have arrived in Shanghai.

　　I will go to visit you as soon as I will return to China.

　　You should work hard. If not, we will fail to pass the exam. 四．對(duì)策１．詞匯是保證，語(yǔ)法是基礎(chǔ)，句型是關(guān)鍵２．如何寫(xiě)好句子

　　寫(xiě)好句子有許多方法和技巧，談?wù)劸渥拥幕窘Y(jié)構(gòu)及與漢語(yǔ)的一些區(qū)別。 A.確定主語(yǔ)

　　英語(yǔ)句子無(wú)論多長(zhǎng)都有自己的主語(yǔ)（祈使句除外）。動(dòng)手寫(xiě)句子首先要確定主語(yǔ)，其次要特別注意漢語(yǔ)與英語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。其中幾點(diǎn)請(qǐng)學(xué)生注意： A.漢語(yǔ)中的主語(yǔ)不一定是英文中的主語(yǔ)。例如：北京八月多雨。英文中不說(shuō)“Beijing rains much in August.”而說(shuō)“It rains much in Beijing in August.” 英文中主謂語(yǔ)有時(shí)需要倒裝，漢語(yǔ)則不需要。例如： Only then did I realize how important it is to study English

　　B.動(dòng)詞是關(guān)鍵

　　英文中沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞就構(gòu)不成句子，但英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞千變?nèi)f化，稍不注意就會(huì)寫(xiě)錯(cuò)句子。在寫(xiě)句子時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意以下幾個(gè)方面。注意及物與不及物動(dòng)詞的正確運(yùn)用。注意非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法。注意一些不可用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。注意一些動(dòng)詞的特殊用法。注意那些漢譯意思相同實(shí)際用法不同的詞。注意動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及時(shí)態(tài)的一致。注意部分常用動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞詞組的辨異，否則，差之毫厘，謬以千里，以下是一些容易混淆的動(dòng)詞詞組。

　　be tired of 因……煩惱

　　be tired from 因……感到累

　　wear 穿（狀態(tài)）put on 穿（動(dòng)作） be compared with 與……比較

　　be compared to 把……比作

　　be made from 由……制作（改變本質(zhì)） be made up of 由……構(gòu)成 be made of 由……制成(不改變本質(zhì)) find 找（結(jié)果）look for 找（動(dòng)作） look at 看（動(dòng)作）

　　see 看（結(jié)果）

　　be used to 習(xí)慣于

　　used to 過(guò)去常常

　　1） “啟”---創(chuàng)造良好開(kāi)端常用表達(dá) “啟”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和詞組有: in the first place, first of all, firstly, generally speaking, to start with, to begin with等。

　　常用表達(dá) “啟”的句型有: as is known to all/ as we all know; as the proverb says; it is often said that…; as a new ways of…; there have been many changes…; it is clear/ obvious等。 3．用好 “啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)。合”的詞語(yǔ)和句子例句：（天津）As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore, it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits. (北京）It’s often said that all work without play makes Jack a dull boy. As the proverb says, no pains, no gains.? 2）“承”---順勢(shì)承上啟下

　　常用表達(dá)“承”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和詞組有：secondly; in addition; besides; furthermore; moreover; what is more; what is worse, for example; in other words, especially, particularly, obviously, at the same time, no doubt等常用表達(dá) “啟”的句型有:compared with that…; as far as I know; It is true that…; It is known to all that…; It can be easily proved that…; the reason why….; There is no doubt that…; It is no wonder that…; what is more serious is that…等。例句：（湖北）It is known to us that some students cheat in examination at school.

　　(福建)

　　As far as I know, English learning should start from childhood. ?

　　3）“轉(zhuǎn)”---巧妙轉(zhuǎn)折過(guò)渡

　　常用表達(dá)“轉(zhuǎn)”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和詞組有：but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in any case, or, or else, while, despite, in spite of, regardless of, instead 常用表達(dá) “轉(zhuǎn)”的句型有: Every coin has two sides. But for…, I would never…; another example is that…; Taking everything into consideration; That’s why I feel that…等例句：But for his help, I would never succeed in my experiment.

　　Taking everything into consideration, you have to work much hard than before to win the competition. ? 4）“合”---完美結(jié)束全文

　　常用表達(dá)“合”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和詞組有：in a word, in general, in short, above all, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, as a result, above all, on the whole等

　　常用表達(dá) “合”的句型有: something must be done to….; it can be safely concluded from… that…; in my opinion; we can draw the conclusion that… it may be briefly summed up as follows等例句 We can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.

　　Something must be done / some measures must be taken to improve our environment.

　　It may be briefly summed up as follows: it’s high time that our government took some measures to improve our environment A.”啟“

　　根據(jù)所給提示句型完成下列句子： First of all, you should… 首先你們必須在用餐前洗手。 2. Some of us think that it’s better to… 我們有些人認(rèn)為看電影比讀原著好。 3. To some extent, the way… 我們的交際方式在一定程度上取決于我們的文化。 B.”承“ ________（加之，而且），I have a lot of homework to do. _________(此外）, we should improve our study methods and get well prepared for the exam. __________________(更重要的是）is that you should listen attentively in class and do you homework carefully. What’s more Besides What is more important

　　C. “轉(zhuǎn)”

　　1. As students, we often take exams at school, ______ sometimes we have too many exams which are too difficult for us.

　　2. I don’t think every one has tried his best. ____________, some of us are lazy and don’t work hard at their lessons.

　　3.The situation is getting better. _________ , there are still some problems, such as water and air pollution and heavy traffic in rush hours. but On the contrary However D. “合” I have talked a lot. _________ , it is wrong to cheat in exams. ___________ , it seems to me that measures are an important part of our life. In a word In summary