高考英語一輪復習精品課件《Module 3 The violence of nature》(外研版必修3)
知識要點 要點三
句型 1. On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. 美國每年平均會發生800多次龍卷風,造成大約80多人死亡,1 500人受傷。 歸納拓展 (1)句中的現在分詞短語作狀語,表示結果。 (2)分詞作狀語,其邏輯主語就是句子的主語。邏輯 主語與分詞是主動關系時,用現在分詞;是被動關系時,用過去分詞。 (3)現在分詞短語作狀語,還可以表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨等。 例句:He went out shutting the door behind him. 他出去后將門隨手關上。 He died,leaving his wife with five children. 他死了,留下他妻子和五個孩子。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day. A.to let B.letting C.let D.having let 【解析】句意為:在入口處,玻璃門已取代了木門,這樣白天自然光便可照射進來。A項to let動詞不定式作目的狀語時,其前不用逗號與主句隔開;作結果狀語常以only to do形式出現;C項let為動詞原形,不能用作狀語;D項having let為分詞的完成時態,表示動作在主句動詞所表達的動作之前已完成,不合題意;B項letting現在分詞作結果狀語,符合題意,故選B。 【答案】B 知識要點 ②The direct flight has proved successful, _________ Taiwan another tourist destination for people on the mainland. A.made B.making C.make D.makes 【解析】考查非謂語動詞用法。making作結果狀語,相當于which makes...。句意為:直達航班證明是非常成功的,這使得臺灣成了大陸人們旅游的又一目的地。 【答案】B 知識要點 2. Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean,only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide. 蒙塞拉特島是加勒比海上的一個美麗的小島,僅長16千米,寬10千米。 歸納拓展 表示“長、寬、深、高、厚、年齡”等的句型: (1)主語+be+數詞+單位詞復數+形容詞(如long/wide/high/tall/thick/deep/old等) (2)主語+be+數詞+單位詞復數+in+名詞(如length/width/height/depth/age等) (3)This is a+數詞+單位詞單數+形容詞+名詞 知識要點 例句:The bridge is 200 metres long. =The bridge is 200 metres in length. 這座橋長200米。 This is a 200metrelong bridge. 這是一個長200米的橋。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 The two boys are both 1.80 metres ________ height,but they are not ________ the same age. A.in;of B.of;in C.of;of D.in;in 【解析】空一考查“主語+be+數詞+單位詞復數+in+名詞”;空二考查“be+of+名詞”,兩者都用來描述人或事物的特征。 【答案】A 知識要點 要點四
語法 1.過去完成時和過去完成時的被動語態 (1)過去完成時由“助動詞had+過去分詞”構成。用法如下: ①表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生了的動作。它表示這個動作發生的時間是“過去的過去”;這一過去時間可用by,at,before等構成的短語或when,after,until等引導的從句或通過上下文來表示。 例句:By the time he was twelve,Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了12歲時,愛迪生已經開始自己謀生了。 知識要點 ②表示從過去某一時間開始,延續到過去另一時間的動作。這個動作可能還要延續下去。常和for或since引導的表示一段時間的短語或從句連用。 例句:He had lived in New York for ten years before he moved to Boston. 他搬到波士頓之前在紐約住了十年。 ③用于表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件從句。 例句:If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天看見你,他就會問這件事了。 知識要點 ④用在間接引語或賓語從句中。 放在像said,told,thought,wondered等動詞過去時的后面,表示在這些動作之前已經發生的行為。 例句:My friend told me that he had passed the exam. 我的朋友告訴我他已經通過了考試。 ⑤用在“It was the first/second time that...”句型中。此句型中主句用一般過去時,that引導的從句用過去完成時。 例句:It was the first time (that) we had spoken together.這是我們第一次在一起說話。 知識要點 (2)過去完成時的被動式表示動作在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已完成,且謂語動詞與發出這一動作的主語存在被動關系。句中常用by,before,until,when等詞引導時間狀語。其結構為“主語+had been done+其他”。 ①與by+過去時間搭配的被動語態用過去完成時。 例句:By the time he got to the school,the first period had been finished. 當他趕到學校的時候,第一節課已經上完了。 知識要點 ②在say,report,ask等動詞之后的賓語從句中,若表示過去某一被動動作時,用過去完成時。 例句:The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the hurricane. 媒體報道說有一千多人在颶風中喪生。 ③根據語意可以判斷出動作先后的被動語態,用過去完成時。 例句:As the assignment had been done,he went on to search the Internet. 因為作業已經完成,他上網查閱一些資料。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①It was reported that Mr Smith ________ by the police for driving his car while drunk. A.killed B.had been shot C.caught D.had been caught 【解析】句意為:據報道,史密斯先生由于醉酒時開車,被警察逮捕了。catch發生在reported之前,故應用過去完成時。B項與語意不符。 【答案】D 知識要點 ②I was shocked to hear that your house ________ into. A.was broken B.broke C.had been broken D.have been broken 【解析】首先break這個動作發生在was shocked之前,即過去的過去;又house與break into之間存在被動關系,故應該用過去完成時的被動語態,答案為C。 【答案】C 知識要點 ③His earlier concert in Shanghai ________ a big success.It was the first time the Taiwan singer _________ a concert on the mainland. A.is;held B.was;held C.had been;would hold D.was;had held 【解析】句意為:他在上海舉辦的較早的音樂會取得了巨大的成功。這是臺灣歌手第一次在大陸舉辦音樂會。由earlier可知his concert是在過去舉辦的,故使用一般過去時。在“It/This+is/was+the+序數詞+time”引導的從句中常使用完成時態,由was可確定從句中謂語動詞使用過去完成時,故答案為D。 【答案】D 知識要點 ④The play ________ on for quite some time when we arrived at the New Theatre. A.had already been B.has already been C.was D.would be 【解析】句意為:當我們到達新劇院時,那個戲劇已開演了一段時間了。由句意可知be on發生在過去的動作arrived之前,故應用過去完成時,答案為A。 【答案】A 知識要點 2.間接引語 當句子從直接引語變為間接引語時,應特別注意各部分的變化。 (1)時態變化 ①若主句謂語動詞為現在時,間接引語的動詞時態不變。 ②若主句謂語動詞為過去時的時候,間接引語動詞的時態變化如下: 現在時→過去時 過去時、現在完成時、過去完成時→過去完成時 注意:表示真理或客觀事實,間接引語中謂語動詞的時態不變。 知識要點 (2)時間狀語、地點副詞、指示代詞、動詞的變化 直接引語變為間接引語,某些代詞、形容詞、副詞要發生變化。 now→thenago→before today→that day tomorrow→next dayhere→there this→that these→those come→gobring→take 知識要點 (3)人稱的變化 直接引語變為間接引語,人稱代詞要作相應的變動,使其與謂語動詞的人稱一致。 He said ,“I’m happy.” →He said that he was happy. 他說:“我很開心。”→他說他很開心。 (4)必要的連詞 ①陳述句用that連接 ②一般疑問句用if或whether ③特殊疑問句用相應的特殊疑問詞 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①You’re saying ________ everyone should be equal,and this is where I disagree. A.whether B.that C.what D.if 【解析】句意為:你說的眾生平等,我不敢茍同。在轉述別人所說的陳述句時,用that引導的名詞性從句表示。whether/if引導的名詞性從句用來轉述一般疑問句,用what等疑問詞引導的名詞性從句來轉述特殊疑問句。 【答案】B 知識要點 ②I didn’t tell him _________. A.how long I have married B.when I had been married C.how long I had married D.when I got married 【解析】因為marry是短暫性動詞,所以選項A、C表述錯誤;又因為when引導的從句變間接引語時,從句的時態不變,不需要改為過去完成時,所以選D。 【答案】D 知識要點 將下列句子中的直接引語改為間接引語 ③“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in my diary,”said Anne. Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in her diary. ④“Where do you usually have lunch ?” he asked me. He asked me where I usually had lunch. Thank you ! 必修3 Module 3
The Violence of Nature 課程解讀 話題 The Violence of Nature(自然災害) 功能 Giving a definition(下定義) 語法 1.Past perfect passive(過去完成時的被動語態)2.Indirect speech(間接引語) 課程解讀 重點詞匯及拓展 1.disaster n.災難2.result vt.引起;導致 3.furniture n.家具4.bury vt.埋葬 5.occur vi.發生6.strike vt. & n.襲擊 7.destroy vt.毀壞8.previous adj.以前的 9.damage n. & v.損失;損害 10.violent adj.猛烈的;激烈的→violence n.暴力 11.erupt vi.(火山的)爆發;噴發→eruption n.爆發 12.possibility n.可能;可能性→possible adj.可能的→probable adj.可能的(近義詞) 13.terrifying adj.恐懼的→terrified adj.害怕的→terrify vt.使……害怕 14.experience vt.經歷→experienced adj.有經驗的 重點短語 1.refer to提到;查詢 2.pick up 拿起,拾起,搭載 3.take...off...去掉…… 4.on average平均 5.warn sb.of警告某人…… 6.set fire to縱火燒…… 7.put out撲滅 8.in all總共 9.be active in 積極…… 10.take place發生 11.find out弄清楚 12.end up in以……告終 課程解讀 重點句型 1.On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. 平均來說,美國每年發生大約800次龍卷風,造成大約80人死亡,1 500人受傷。 2.By the time it ended,more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured. 風停時,已有700多人死亡,2 700人受傷。 3.Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean,only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide. 蒙特塞拉特島是加勒比海上的一個美麗的小島,長僅16千米,寬10千米。 知識要點 要點一
單詞 1.experience n.[U]經驗,體驗;[C]經歷;經歷的事;體會 vt. 經歷,體驗;感受 歸納拓展 (1)have much teaching/working experience教學/工作經驗豐富 learn by/from experience 從經驗中學習 experience in/of在……方面有經驗 in one’s experience據某人經驗看 (2)experienced adj.有經驗的,老練的 be experienced in 在……方面老練/有經驗 知識要點 例句:Mr Brown has thirty years’ teaching/working experience.=Mr Brown has much experience in teaching/working. 布朗先生有30年的教學/工作經驗。 During the war they experienced at first hand the horror of night bombing raids. 在戰爭期間,他們親身體驗了夜間空襲的恐懼。 He is very experienced in money matters. 他是處理金融事務的老手。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 Human beings have five senses for ________ the world around them. A.experiment B.experience C.experimenting D.experiencing 【解析】experience the world “體驗世界”,是動賓關系,且置于介詞for后,所以用動名詞的主動形式。句意為:人類用五種感覺來體驗他們周圍的世界。experiment意為“做實驗,嘗試”,與題意不符。 【答案】D 知識要點 2. bury vt. 埋葬,埋藏,用某物覆蓋;從記憶中除去,忘記 歸納拓展 bury sb.in/at sth.將某人埋葬在…… bury sth.under/beneath sth.將……埋在……下面 bury one’s face in hands用手捂住臉 bury oneself in work/studies be buried in work/studies埋頭工作/學習 知識要點 例句:The climbers were buried under a pile of rocks. 登山者被埋在一堆巖石中。 She buried her face in her hands and wept. 她雙手掩面哭了起來。 After the divorce,she buried herself in her work. 離婚后她埋頭于工作。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 He ________ his head under his pillow because of the noise from upstairs.But he still couldn’t _________ asleep. A.buried;go B.placed;went C.buried;fall D.laid;go to 【解析】句意為:由于樓上有噪音,他把頭埋在枕頭底下。但是,他仍舊不能入睡。bury sth. under/beneath sth.“將……埋在……下面”;fall asleep是固定短語,“入睡”。 【答案】C 知識要點 3. occur vi. 發生,出現;(想法、念頭等)浮現,想起 歸納拓展 (1)If anything should occur...如果發生什么事情的話…… It occurred to sb. that...某人剛剛想到…… sth.occurs to sb.某事浮現在某人的腦海中;某人想到…… (2)occurrent adj.正在發生的,偶然發生的 occurrence n.發生,出現,事件,發生的事情 知識要點 例句:It occurred to me that I would travel to Europe. 我突然想到要到歐洲旅游。 An excellent idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning. 今天早晨起床時,我突然想到一個絕妙的主意。 I suppose it never occurred to you to phone the police? 我想你壓根兒就沒想到給警方打電話吧? 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①—Why are you so late? —I was in half the way when it ________ to me that I had left my notebook home,so I had to fetch it. A.occurred B.hit C.happened D.reminded 【解析】It occurred to sb.that...意為“某人突然想起……”。后半句句意為:我在半路突然想起我把筆記本忘在家里了,所以只好回去取。 【答案】A 知識要點 用happen,occur,take place完成句子 ②How did the accident happen? ③Just as I was leaving the house it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys. ④It so happened that I had no money with me. ⑤Great changes have taken place in China in the last 20 years. 知識要點 4. strike(struck;struck/stricken) vt. 打;(災難、暴風雨等)襲擊;侵襲;使突然發生;到達vt.&vi. 碰上,碰撞;突然想到vt. 給……以印象;打動某人的心(常用被動結構);感動vt.(鐘)敲響;劃(火柴)n. 罷工 歸納拓展 (1)strike sb.+in/on+the+身體部位打某人某處 be struck by/on/with...被……打動,迷戀…… (2)be on strike在罷工 go on strike舉行罷工 知識要點 例句:Many people didn’t have any preparation in their minds when the earthquake struck the city. 當地震襲擊城市時,很多人根本沒有思想準備。 The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.游客們被鄉村的美麗打動了。 The church clock struck eleven when I reached the village. 當我到達村莊時,教堂的鐘敲了11下。 A snowball struck him on the head. 一個雪球打在他的頭上。 A good idea struck the manager. 經理忽然想到了一個好主意。 Within half an hour,all the drivers were out on strike.半個小時內,所有的司機都出去罷工了。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 I washed it in hot water.It never ________ to me to check the label. A.struck B.happened C.occurred D.realized 【解析】句意為:我用熱水把它洗了,根本沒想到去看一下標簽。It never occurred to me that...“我沒有想到……”,符合題意。 【答案】C 知識要點 5. ruin vt. 毀壞,使破產n. 毀壞,毀滅;破產,垮臺;(pl.)廢墟;遺跡 歸納拓展 (1)ruin oneself毀掉自己 (2)in ruins成為廢墟 be the ruin of成為……毀滅/墮落的原因 bring...to ruin使……毀滅;使……沒落 go to/fall to/come to ruin毀滅,滅亡;崩潰;破壞掉 知識要點 例句:He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the tablecloth. 他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄臟了。 Alcohol and drugs almost ruined his career. 酒精和毒品幾乎毀掉了他的事業。 Whole blocks of the city were in ruins after war. 戰后這座城市所有的街區成為一片廢墟。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 The houses across the street are ________, but they were in good condition a few years ago. A.in rows B.in ruins C.in number D.in detail 【解析】in rows意為“成行,成排”;in ruins意為“毀壞,破敗不堪”;in number意為“總共”;in detail意為“詳細地”。只有B項符合句意。 【答案】B 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 用damage,destroy與ruin填空 ①I damaged my shoes in football practice today. ②The building was completely destroyed by fire. ③She poured some ink all over my new drawing andruined it. 知識要點 要點二
短語 1. pick up 拾起,拿起;(無意中)學會、獲得信息;收聽,收到;收拾,整理;(車輛等)中途搭人,中途載貨;取物;加速 歸納拓展 pick at一點兒一點兒地吃 pick on選擇;針對;挑中(某人)(作挨罵或受罰對象) pick out選出;認出 pick off摘去,去除 知識要點 例句:Let’s pick up the room before the meeting starts at two o’clock. 讓我們在兩點鐘開會前把這房間整理好。 The women picked up the babies in the nursery on their way home from the factory. 婦女們在從工廠回家的路上到托兒所接回她們的孩子。 You are great to have picked up French when you were in France. 你居然在法國時自己學會了法語,真了不起。 I pick up BBC English every day. 我每天收聽“英國BBC”廣播。 The conductor urged the band to pick it up. 樂隊指揮要求樂隊加快演奏的速度。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①I _______ a flu when I was on a spring outing with my classmates. A.caught up B.picked up C.took up D.brought up 【解析】考查動詞短語。catch up意為“追趕,趕上”;pick up意為“撿起,獲得,學會,染上”;take up意為“拿起,從事,占據”;bring up意為“培養,提出”。根據句意“和我的同班同學春游的時候,我染上了流感”可知選B。 【答案】B 知識要點 ②She _________ Japanese when she was in Japan.Now she can speak it freely. A.picked out B.made out C.made up D.picked up 【解析】pick up此處意為“(無意中)學會”。句意為:她在日本時偶然學會了日語。現在她說得很流利。 【答案】D 知識要點 2. end up in以……結束,以……告終 歸納拓展 (1)end (up) in failure/victory/a draw以失敗/勝利/平局結束(強調在某種結果中結束,用in) end (up) with good wishes以美好的祝愿結尾(end up with多指以某種方式結束) end up結果為……,以……結束(尤指意料之外) (2)on end豎立,筆直地,連續地 come to an end到頭了,結束了 put/bring...to an end使……終止 from beginning to end從頭到尾,自始至終 知識要點 例句:He’ll end up in prison if he’s not careful. 如果他不小心,最后會鋃鐺入獄的。 The film ended up with the heroine dying. 在電影結束時,女主角去世了。 The meeting came to an end.會議結束了。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 On Christmas eve, the English evening ________ singing the song “The Unforgettable Tonight”. A.came up B.drew up C.ran up D.ended up 【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。come up“走近,被提出,被提及”;draw up“起草;擬定;停止”;run up“積欠賬款、債務,累計”;end up“以……結束”。句意為:在平安夜,英語晚會以一首《難忘的夜晚》歌曲結束。根據題意可知答案為D項。 【答案】D 知識要點 3. in all總共,總計 歸納拓展 above all首先,最重要的是 after all畢竟,終究 at all在肯定句、疑問句中意為“竟然,終于”;在否定句中意為“一點兒也不,根本不”;在if引導的條件句中,意為“既然”。 first of all首先,最先 例句:You have four apples and I have three bananas,making seven pieces of fruit in all. 你有4個蘋果,我有3個香蕉,總共有7個水果。 He doesn’t go to see his father often,after all,he is very busy with his work. 他不常去看他的父親,畢竟他是忙于工作。 Well,first of all we can’t possibly spare the time. 你看,最主要的是我們實在抽不出時間。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①There were more than two hundred people ________ at his wedding ceremony. A.after all B.in all C.at all D.above all 【解析】in all“總共”;after all“畢竟”;at all“竟然,終于;根本不”;above all“最重要的是”。句意為:總共有200多人出席他的結婚典禮。 【答案】B 知識要點 ②Although he had to spend lots of money for going to the ball,he accepted the invitation. _______ the ball was important to him. A.After all B.In all C.First of all D.Above all 【解析】句意為:盡管去參加這個舞會要花很多錢,他還是接受了邀請。畢竟,這個舞會對他來說很重要。after all“畢竟,終究”,符合題意。in all“總共,總計”;first of all“首先”;above all“最重要的是”。 【答案】A
知識要點 要點三
句型 1. On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. 美國每年平均會發生800多次龍卷風,造成大約80多人死亡,1 500人受傷。 歸納拓展 (1)句中的現在分詞短語作狀語,表示結果。 (2)分詞作狀語,其邏輯主語就是句子的主語。邏輯 主語與分詞是主動關系時,用現在分詞;是被動關系時,用過去分詞。 (3)現在分詞短語作狀語,還可以表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨等。 例句:He went out shutting the door behind him. 他出去后將門隨手關上。 He died,leaving his wife with five children. 他死了,留下他妻子和五個孩子。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day. A.to let B.letting C.let D.having let 【解析】句意為:在入口處,玻璃門已取代了木門,這樣白天自然光便可照射進來。A項to let動詞不定式作目的狀語時,其前不用逗號與主句隔開;作結果狀語常以only to do形式出現;C項let為動詞原形,不能用作狀語;D項having let為分詞的完成時態,表示動作在主句動詞所表達的動作之前已完成,不合題意;B項letting現在分詞作結果狀語,符合題意,故選B。 【答案】B 知識要點 ②The direct flight has proved successful, _________ Taiwan another tourist destination for people on the mainland. A.made B.making C.make D.makes 【解析】考查非謂語動詞用法。making作結果狀語,相當于which makes...。句意為:直達航班證明是非常成功的,這使得臺灣成了大陸人們旅游的又一目的地。 【答案】B 知識要點 2. Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean,only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide. 蒙塞拉特島是加勒比海上的一個美麗的小島,僅長16千米,寬10千米。 歸納拓展 表示“長、寬、深、高、厚、年齡”等的句型: (1)主語+be+數詞+單位詞復數+形容詞(如long/wide/high/tall/thick/deep/old等) (2)主語+be+數詞+單位詞復數+in+名詞(如length/width/height/depth/age等) (3)This is a+數詞+單位詞單數+形容詞+名詞 知識要點 例句:The bridge is 200 metres long. =The bridge is 200 metres in length. 這座橋長200米。 This is a 200metrelong bridge. 這是一個長200米的橋。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 The two boys are both 1.80 metres ________ height,but they are not ________ the same age. A.in;of B.of;in C.of;of D.in;in 【解析】空一考查“主語+be+數詞+單位詞復數+in+名詞”;空二考查“be+of+名詞”,兩者都用來描述人或事物的特征。 【答案】A 知識要點 要點四
語法 1.過去完成時和過去完成時的被動語態 (1)過去完成時由“助動詞had+過去分詞”構成。用法如下: ①表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生了的動作。它表示這個動作發生的時間是“過去的過去”;這一過去時間可用by,at,before等構成的短語或when,after,until等引導的從句或通過上下文來表示。 例句:By the time he was twelve,Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了12歲時,愛迪生已經開始自己謀生了。 知識要點 ②表示從過去某一時間開始,延續到過去另一時間的動作。這個動作可能還要延續下去。常和for或since引導的表示一段時間的短語或從句連用。 例句:He had lived in New York for ten years before he moved to Boston. 他搬到波士頓之前在紐約住了十年。 ③用于表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件從句。 例句:If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天看見你,他就會問這件事了。 知識要點 ④用在間接引語或賓語從句中。 放在像said,told,thought,wondered等動詞過去時的后面,表示在這些動作之前已經發生的行為。 例句:My friend told me that he had passed the exam. 我的朋友告訴我他已經通過了考試。 ⑤用在“It was the first/second time that...”句型中。此句型中主句用一般過去時,that引導的從句用過去完成時。 例句:It was the first time (that) we had spoken together.這是我們第一次在一起說話。 知識要點 (2)過去完成時的被動式表示動作在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已完成,且謂語動詞與發出這一動作的主語存在被動關系。句中常用by,before,until,when等詞引導時間狀語。其結構為“主語+had been done+其他”。 ①與by+過去時間搭配的被動語態用過去完成時。 例句:By the time he got to the school,the first period had been finished. 當他趕到學校的時候,第一節課已經上完了。 知識要點 ②在say,report,ask等動詞之后的賓語從句中,若表示過去某一被動動作時,用過去完成時。 例句:The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the hurricane. 媒體報道說有一千多人在颶風中喪生。 ③根據語意可以判斷出動作先后的被動語態,用過去完成時。 例句:As the assignment had been done,he went on to search the Internet. 因為作業已經完成,他上網查閱一些資料。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①It was reported that Mr Smith ________ by the police for driving his car while drunk. A.killed B.had been shot C.caught D.had been caught 【解析】句意為:據報道,史密斯先生由于醉酒時開車,被警察逮捕了。catch發生在reported之前,故應用過去完成時。B項與語意不符。 【答案】D 知識要點 ②I was shocked to hear that your house ________ into. A.was broken B.broke C.had been broken D.have been broken 【解析】首先break這個動作發生在was shocked之前,即過去的過去;又house與break into之間存在被動關系,故應該用過去完成時的被動語態,答案為C。 【答案】C 知識要點 ③His earlier concert in Shanghai ________ a big success.It was the first time the Taiwan singer _________ a concert on the mainland. A.is;held B.was;held C.had been;would hold D.was;had held 【解析】句意為:他在上海舉辦的較早的音樂會取得了巨大的成功。這是臺灣歌手第一次在大陸舉辦音樂會。由earlier可知his concert是在過去舉辦的,故使用一般過去時。在“It/This+is/was+the+序數詞+time”引導的從句中常使用完成時態,由was可確定從句中謂語動詞使用過去完成時,故答案為D。 【答案】D 知識要點 ④The play ________ on for quite some time when we arrived at the New Theatre. A.had already been B.has already been C.was D.would be 【解析】句意為:當我們到達新劇院時,那個戲劇已開演了一段時間了。由句意可知be on發生在過去的動作arrived之前,故應用過去完成時,答案為A。 【答案】A 知識要點 2.間接引語 當句子從直接引語變為間接引語時,應特別注意各部分的變化。 (1)時態變化 ①若主句謂語動詞為現在時,間接引語的動詞時態不變。 ②若主句謂語動詞為過去時的時候,間接引語動詞的時態變化如下: 現在時→過去時 過去時、現在完成時、過去完成時→過去完成時 注意:表示真理或客觀事實,間接引語中謂語動詞的時態不變。 知識要點 (2)時間狀語、地點副詞、指示代詞、動詞的變化 直接引語變為間接引語,某些代詞、形容詞、副詞要發生變化。 now→thenago→before today→that day tomorrow→next dayhere→there this→that these→those come→gobring→take 知識要點 (3)人稱的變化 直接引語變為間接引語,人稱代詞要作相應的變動,使其與謂語動詞的人稱一致。 He said ,“I’m happy.” →He said that he was happy. 他說:“我很開心。”→他說他很開心。 (4)必要的連詞 ①陳述句用that連接 ②一般疑問句用if或whether ③特殊疑問句用相應的特殊疑問詞 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①You’re saying ________ everyone should be equal,and this is where I disagree. A.whether B.that C.what D.if 【解析】句意為:你說的眾生平等,我不敢茍同。在轉述別人所說的陳述句時,用that引導的名詞性從句表示。whether/if引導的名詞性從句用來轉述一般疑問句,用what等疑問詞引導的名詞性從句來轉述特殊疑問句。 【答案】B 知識要點 ②I didn’t tell him _________. A.how long I have married B.when I had been married C.how long I had married D.when I got married 【解析】因為marry是短暫性動詞,所以選項A、C表述錯誤;又因為when引導的從句變間接引語時,從句的時態不變,不需要改為過去完成時,所以選D。 【答案】D 知識要點 將下列句子中的直接引語改為間接引語 ③“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in my diary,”said Anne. Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in her diary. ④“Where do you usually have lunch ?” he asked me. He asked me where I usually had lunch. Thank you ! 必修3 Module 3
The Violence of Nature 課程解讀 話題 The Violence of Nature(自然災害) 功能 Giving a definition(下定義) 語法 1.Past perfect passive(過去完成時的被動語態)2.Indirect speech(間接引語) 課程解讀 重點詞匯及拓展 1.disaster n.災難2.result vt.引起;導致 3.furniture n.家具4.bury vt.埋葬 5.occur vi.發生6.strike vt. & n.襲擊 7.destroy vt.毀壞8.previous adj.以前的 9.damage n. & v.損失;損害 10.violent adj.猛烈的;激烈的→violence n.暴力 11.erupt vi.(火山的)爆發;噴發→eruption n.爆發 12.possibility n.可能;可能性→possible adj.可能的→probable adj.可能的(近義詞) 13.terrifying adj.恐懼的→terrified adj.害怕的→terrify vt.使……害怕 14.experience vt.經歷→experienced adj.有經驗的 重點短語 1.refer to提到;查詢 2.pick up 拿起,拾起,搭載 3.take...off...去掉…… 4.on average平均 5.warn sb.of警告某人…… 6.set fire to縱火燒…… 7.put out撲滅 8.in all總共 9.be active in 積極…… 10.take place發生 11.find out弄清楚 12.end up in以……告終 課程解讀 重點句型 1.On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. 平均來說,美國每年發生大約800次龍卷風,造成大約80人死亡,1 500人受傷。 2.By the time it ended,more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured. 風停時,已有700多人死亡,2 700人受傷。 3.Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean,only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide. 蒙特塞拉特島是加勒比海上的一個美麗的小島,長僅16千米,寬10千米。 知識要點 要點一
單詞 1.experience n.[U]經驗,體驗;[C]經歷;經歷的事;體會 vt. 經歷,體驗;感受 歸納拓展 (1)have much teaching/working experience教學/工作經驗豐富 learn by/from experience 從經驗中學習 experience in/of在……方面有經驗 in one’s experience據某人經驗看 (2)experienced adj.有經驗的,老練的 be experienced in 在……方面老練/有經驗 知識要點 例句:Mr Brown has thirty years’ teaching/working experience.=Mr Brown has much experience in teaching/working. 布朗先生有30年的教學/工作經驗。 During the war they experienced at first hand the horror of night bombing raids. 在戰爭期間,他們親身體驗了夜間空襲的恐懼。 He is very experienced in money matters. 他是處理金融事務的老手。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 Human beings have five senses for ________ the world around them. A.experiment B.experience C.experimenting D.experiencing 【解析】experience the world “體驗世界”,是動賓關系,且置于介詞for后,所以用動名詞的主動形式。句意為:人類用五種感覺來體驗他們周圍的世界。experiment意為“做實驗,嘗試”,與題意不符。 【答案】D 知識要點 2. bury vt. 埋葬,埋藏,用某物覆蓋;從記憶中除去,忘記 歸納拓展 bury sb.in/at sth.將某人埋葬在…… bury sth.under/beneath sth.將……埋在……下面 bury one’s face in hands用手捂住臉 bury oneself in work/studies be buried in work/studies埋頭工作/學習 知識要點 例句:The climbers were buried under a pile of rocks. 登山者被埋在一堆巖石中。 She buried her face in her hands and wept. 她雙手掩面哭了起來。 After the divorce,she buried herself in her work. 離婚后她埋頭于工作。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 He ________ his head under his pillow because of the noise from upstairs.But he still couldn’t _________ asleep. A.buried;go B.placed;went C.buried;fall D.laid;go to 【解析】句意為:由于樓上有噪音,他把頭埋在枕頭底下。但是,他仍舊不能入睡。bury sth. under/beneath sth.“將……埋在……下面”;fall asleep是固定短語,“入睡”。 【答案】C 知識要點 3. occur vi. 發生,出現;(想法、念頭等)浮現,想起 歸納拓展 (1)If anything should occur...如果發生什么事情的話…… It occurred to sb. that...某人剛剛想到…… sth.occurs to sb.某事浮現在某人的腦海中;某人想到…… (2)occurrent adj.正在發生的,偶然發生的 occurrence n.發生,出現,事件,發生的事情 知識要點 例句:It occurred to me that I would travel to Europe. 我突然想到要到歐洲旅游。 An excellent idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning. 今天早晨起床時,我突然想到一個絕妙的主意。 I suppose it never occurred to you to phone the police? 我想你壓根兒就沒想到給警方打電話吧? 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①—Why are you so late? —I was in half the way when it ________ to me that I had left my notebook home,so I had to fetch it. A.occurred B.hit C.happened D.reminded 【解析】It occurred to sb.that...意為“某人突然想起……”。后半句句意為:我在半路突然想起我把筆記本忘在家里了,所以只好回去取。 【答案】A 知識要點 用happen,occur,take place完成句子 ②How did the accident happen? ③Just as I was leaving the house it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys. ④It so happened that I had no money with me. ⑤Great changes have taken place in China in the last 20 years. 知識要點 4. strike(struck;struck/stricken) vt. 打;(災難、暴風雨等)襲擊;侵襲;使突然發生;到達vt.&vi. 碰上,碰撞;突然想到vt. 給……以印象;打動某人的心(常用被動結構);感動vt.(鐘)敲響;劃(火柴)n. 罷工 歸納拓展 (1)strike sb.+in/on+the+身體部位打某人某處 be struck by/on/with...被……打動,迷戀…… (2)be on strike在罷工 go on strike舉行罷工 知識要點 例句:Many people didn’t have any preparation in their minds when the earthquake struck the city. 當地震襲擊城市時,很多人根本沒有思想準備。 The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.游客們被鄉村的美麗打動了。 The church clock struck eleven when I reached the village. 當我到達村莊時,教堂的鐘敲了11下。 A snowball struck him on the head. 一個雪球打在他的頭上。 A good idea struck the manager. 經理忽然想到了一個好主意。 Within half an hour,all the drivers were out on strike.半個小時內,所有的司機都出去罷工了。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 I washed it in hot water.It never ________ to me to check the label. A.struck B.happened C.occurred D.realized 【解析】句意為:我用熱水把它洗了,根本沒想到去看一下標簽。It never occurred to me that...“我沒有想到……”,符合題意。 【答案】C 知識要點 5. ruin vt. 毀壞,使破產n. 毀壞,毀滅;破產,垮臺;(pl.)廢墟;遺跡 歸納拓展 (1)ruin oneself毀掉自己 (2)in ruins成為廢墟 be the ruin of成為……毀滅/墮落的原因 bring...to ruin使……毀滅;使……沒落 go to/fall to/come to ruin毀滅,滅亡;崩潰;破壞掉 知識要點 例句:He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the tablecloth. 他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄臟了。 Alcohol and drugs almost ruined his career. 酒精和毒品幾乎毀掉了他的事業。 Whole blocks of the city were in ruins after war. 戰后這座城市所有的街區成為一片廢墟。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 The houses across the street are ________, but they were in good condition a few years ago. A.in rows B.in ruins C.in number D.in detail 【解析】in rows意為“成行,成排”;in ruins意為“毀壞,破敗不堪”;in number意為“總共”;in detail意為“詳細地”。只有B項符合句意。 【答案】B 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 用damage,destroy與ruin填空 ①I damaged my shoes in football practice today. ②The building was completely destroyed by fire. ③She poured some ink all over my new drawing andruined it. 知識要點 要點二
短語 1. pick up 拾起,拿起;(無意中)學會、獲得信息;收聽,收到;收拾,整理;(車輛等)中途搭人,中途載貨;取物;加速 歸納拓展 pick at一點兒一點兒地吃 pick on選擇;針對;挑中(某人)(作挨罵或受罰對象) pick out選出;認出 pick off摘去,去除 知識要點 例句:Let’s pick up the room before the meeting starts at two o’clock. 讓我們在兩點鐘開會前把這房間整理好。 The women picked up the babies in the nursery on their way home from the factory. 婦女們在從工廠回家的路上到托兒所接回她們的孩子。 You are great to have picked up French when you were in France. 你居然在法國時自己學會了法語,真了不起。 I pick up BBC English every day. 我每天收聽“英國BBC”廣播。 The conductor urged the band to pick it up. 樂隊指揮要求樂隊加快演奏的速度。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①I _______ a flu when I was on a spring outing with my classmates. A.caught up B.picked up C.took up D.brought up 【解析】考查動詞短語。catch up意為“追趕,趕上”;pick up意為“撿起,獲得,學會,染上”;take up意為“拿起,從事,占據”;bring up意為“培養,提出”。根據句意“和我的同班同學春游的時候,我染上了流感”可知選B。 【答案】B 知識要點 ②She _________ Japanese when she was in Japan.Now she can speak it freely. A.picked out B.made out C.made up D.picked up 【解析】pick up此處意為“(無意中)學會”。句意為:她在日本時偶然學會了日語。現在她說得很流利。 【答案】D 知識要點 2. end up in以……結束,以……告終 歸納拓展 (1)end (up) in failure/victory/a draw以失敗/勝利/平局結束(強調在某種結果中結束,用in) end (up) with good wishes以美好的祝愿結尾(end up with多指以某種方式結束) end up結果為……,以……結束(尤指意料之外) (2)on end豎立,筆直地,連續地 come to an end到頭了,結束了 put/bring...to an end使……終止 from beginning to end從頭到尾,自始至終 知識要點 例句:He’ll end up in prison if he’s not careful. 如果他不小心,最后會鋃鐺入獄的。 The film ended up with the heroine dying. 在電影結束時,女主角去世了。 The meeting came to an end.會議結束了。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 On Christmas eve, the English evening ________ singing the song “The Unforgettable Tonight”. A.came up B.drew up C.ran up D.ended up 【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。come up“走近,被提出,被提及”;draw up“起草;擬定;停止”;run up“積欠賬款、債務,累計”;end up“以……結束”。句意為:在平安夜,英語晚會以一首《難忘的夜晚》歌曲結束。根據題意可知答案為D項。 【答案】D 知識要點 3. in all總共,總計 歸納拓展 above all首先,最重要的是 after all畢竟,終究 at all在肯定句、疑問句中意為“竟然,終于”;在否定句中意為“一點兒也不,根本不”;在if引導的條件句中,意為“既然”。 first of all首先,最先 例句:You have four apples and I have three bananas,making seven pieces of fruit in all. 你有4個蘋果,我有3個香蕉,總共有7個水果。 He doesn’t go to see his father often,after all,he is very busy with his work. 他不常去看他的父親,畢竟他是忙于工作。 Well,first of all we can’t possibly spare the time. 你看,最主要的是我們實在抽不出時間。 知識要點 【鏈接訓練】 ①There were more than two hundred people ________ at his wedding ceremony. A.after all B.in all C.at all D.above all 【解析】in all“總共”;after all“畢竟”;at all“竟然,終于;根本不”;above all“最重要的是”。句意為:總共有200多人出席他的結婚典禮。 【答案】B 知識要點 ②Although he had to spend lots of money for going to the ball,he accepted the invitation. _______ the ball was important to him. A.After all B.In all C.First of all D.Above all 【解析】句意為:盡管去參加這個舞會要花很多錢,他還是接受了邀請。畢竟,這個舞會對他來說很重要。after all“畢竟,終究”,符合題意。in all“總共,總計”;first of all“首先”;above all“最重要的是”。 【答案】A