2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)14：Unit 2《The environment》（牛津譯林版必修5通用）

　　課時(shí)作業(yè)(十四)　[必修模塊5　Unit 2　The environment]

　　[限時(shí)：30分鐘]

　　Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空

　　1．First impressions are the most lasting.After all，you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression.

　　A．a(chǎn)；the　

　　B．the；the

　　C．a(chǎn)；a

　　D．the；a

　　2．The extraordinary success of Dr.Doyle，mainly with his Sherlock Holmes，has ________ the market with detective stories.

　　A．flew　

　　B．controlled　

　　C．charged　

　　D．flooded

　　3．If we don’t sell more goods，we’ll have to cut back ________ production ________10% next year.

　　A．upon；to

　　B．on；by

　　C．of；by

　　D．for；to

　　4．—Have we ________ money?

　　—Yes，________.We’d better get some from the bank near here.

　　A．run out of；we have run it out

　　B．run out of；our money has run out

　　C．run out of；our money has been run out

　　D．run out；our money has been run out.

　　5．The campus shooting spread throughout the county，________to great concern about students' safety at school.

　　A．having led

　　B．led

　　C．leading

　　D．to lead

　　6．As a result of people’s destroying the forest，a larger ________ of desert ________ covered the earth in recent years.

　　A．number；has

　　B．number；have

　　C．quantity；has

　　D．quantity；have

　　7．________ everyone knows is ________ the kind girl，for ________ life was once hard，still insists on helping the old men around every day.

　　A．What；/；whom

　　B．What；that；whose

　　C．It；/；whom

　　D．What；that；whom

　　8．The number of traffic accidents caused by drinking is ________ as the number of those caused by non-drinking driving.

　　A．twice as many

　　B．many as twice

　　C．a(chǎn)s twice large

　　D．twice as large

　　9．________ the right decisions ________ the future is probably the most important thing we’ll ever do in our lives.

　　A．Making；concerned

　　B．Make；concerning

　　C．To make；concerned

　　D．Making；concerning

　　10．As these new products are not selling well，the members of the board have decided to ________ production.

　　A．cut down

　　B．cut down to

　　C．cut down on

　　D．cut off

　　11．The workers are all going out to make the output ________ three times what it was five years ago.

　　A．grow to

　　B．grow up

　　C．grow by

　　D．grow into

　　12．________ was clear to everyone that he couldn’t get full marks if not cheating in the test.

　　A．It

　　B．That

　　C．This

　　D．One

　　13．The boy was having an operation on the stomach，tears ________ down his cheeks quietly.

　　A．flew

　　B．flowing　

　　C．flown

　　D．to flow

　　14．—Bad luck.They didn’t offer the job to me.

　　—________You’ve been well prepared for the interview.

　　A．So what?

　　B．What if?

　　C．How come?

　　D．What about?

　　15．Lily’s mobile phone was left in a taxi accidentally，never ________again.

　　A．to find

　　B．to be found

　　C．finding

　　D．being found

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　Cities need to put efforts to deal with pollution and clear the air.

　　Chinese cities will need to put efforts to clear up the sky when a new department to improve regional air quality is set up by 2024，according to the latest plan released by the State Council.

　　Besides the existing pollution control program for S02，regional emission caps(區(qū)域排放上限) for other certain chemicals will be established in the three key air polluting areas—the Yangtze River Delta，Pearl River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Coal-consumption caps will also be tried out in some areas，according to the plan.

　　The plan is aimed at dealing with regional air pollution—such as acid rain and smog—which have become increasingly obvious in China in recent years and caused a severe threat to people’s health，Zhang Lijun，vice-minister of environmental protection，said in an interview on Monday.

　　The air quality in a city affects the regions nearby because pollutants can travel through the atmosphere，said Chai Fahe，vice-director of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences.

　　“So efforts to reduce air pollution in a single city，targeting a certain pollutant will not be enough，” Chai said.

　　Zhang said the country’s major industrial districts—the Yangtze River Delta，Pearl River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region—have recorded more than 100 misty days annually in recent years.

　　These three regions，home to at least 200 million people，occupy only 6.3 percent of the country’s area but consume 40 percent of the country’s coal and produce half of its steel，according to official figures.

　　Studies also show that the visibility(能見度) in eastern regions of China has dropped by 7 to 15 km compared to that in the early 1960s，as a result of air pollution.

　　Liaoning province，the Shandong Peninsula，Wuhan in Hubei province and its surrounding area，the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region in Hunan province，the Chengdu-Chongqing region，and the western coast of the Taiwan Straits are also listed as areas to carry out such regional air pollution control programs，according to the plan.

　　The new plan also requires an improved air quality system，which will measure the pollution levels.“The current system，which only measures some major pollutants，cannot reflect the_true_picture.” said Chai.

　　16．It will not be enough to reduce air pollution in a single city because ________.

　　A．a(chǎn)ir pollution has been becoming more and more serious in recent years

　　B．a(chǎn)ir pollution like acid rain and smog is threatening people’s health

　　C．a(chǎn)ir pollutants in a city can travel in the sky and affect nearby areas

　　D．a(chǎn)ir pollutants stay in fixed places over the cities

　　17．Suppose the visibility in eastern regions of China was 130 km in the early 1960s，the visibility there nowadays is ________.

　　A．123 to 115 km

　　B．137 to 145 km

　　C．123 to 145 km

　　D．115 to 137 km

　　18．The main purpose of the passage is ________.

　　A．to inform readers of the damage caused by air pollution

　　B．to introduce the new plan to control air pollution

　　C．to provide official figures of air pollution levels

　　D．to point out the regions affected by air pollution

　　19．What does the underlined phrase “the true picture” in the last paragraph mean?

　　A．The major pollutants.

　　B．The key polluted areas.

　　C．The major polluted cities.

　　D．The pollution levels.

　　Ⅲ.任務(wù)型閱讀

　　請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

　　注意：每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。

　　Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted.Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem.One result is that millions of tons of glass，paper，plastic，and metal containers are produced，and these are difficult to get rid of.

　　However，today，more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment.Before they buy a product，they asked questions like these，“Will this shampoo damage the environment？” “Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once？”

　　A recent study showed that two out of five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it.This means the companies must now change the way they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green”，that is，friendly to the environment.

　　Only a few years ago，it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets，but now there are hundreds.Some supermarket products carry labels(標(biāo)簽) to show that the product is green.Some companies have made the manufacturing(生產(chǎn)) of clean and safe products as their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.

　　The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business.No longer will the public accept the old attitude of “Buy it，use it，throw it away，and forget it.” The public pressure is on，and gradually business is cleaning up its act.

　　Business 20.________ Green

　　21.________ Many cities heavily 22.________ resulted from careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environmentally friendly products.

　　Result Millions of tons of glass，paper，plastic，and metal containers are produced，but difficult to get rid of.

　　Recent findings The public 23.________ for the environment is driving force behind the green products. 24.________percent adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before buying it. Some companies now change the way to make sure that products they make and sell are “green”，25.________，environmentally friendly.

　　Current

　　situation

　　More and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the companies produce green products safe for the environment.

　　Questions are always 26.________ like these，“Will this shampoo damage the environment？” “Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once？”

　　Some companies have 27.________ supermarkets with green products.Some companies have considered clean and safe products 28.________ their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.

　　Companies should rethink how they do business to 29.________ the environment safer and cleaner.

　　課時(shí)作業(yè)(十四)

　　.1.A　考查冠詞。很多同學(xué)錯(cuò)在第二個(gè)空to make _______ first impression上了。在做題的時(shí)候不夠細(xì)心，因?yàn)榇祟}的句意是：第一印象是最持久的。畢竟，你永遠(yuǎn)不可能再有一次機(jī)會去給別人留一次第一印象。本題強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)是“再有一次機(jī)會”a second chance；“留第一印象”用make the first impression表示。first為干擾因素。

　　2．D　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：主要以夏洛克·福爾摩斯而取得非凡成功的柯南道爾以偵探小說正沖擊著市場。flow“流動”；control“控制”；charge“要價(jià)，索價(jià)；控告”；flood“淹沒；充滿；溢出；涌出”。根據(jù)句意可知選擇D項(xiàng)。

　　3．B　題意：我們?nèi)舨荒茉黾迂浳锏匿N售量，明年就必須降低百分之十產(chǎn)量。 cut back on“削減，縮減”，是固定短語。by常用來表示程度和范圍增減的幅度，符合題意。to表示減少或增加到。

　　4．B　考查run out和run out of的用法。run out of 是及物動詞短語，后接賓語；run out是不及物動詞短語，不能跟賓語，也沒有被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)題意可知，選擇B項(xiàng)。

　　5．C　考查非謂語動詞。句意為：校園槍殺事件傳遍了整個(gè)縣，也引起了人們對學(xué)生在校安全的關(guān)注。The campus shooting和lead之間是主謂關(guān)系，并作spread的伴隨狀語，所以用leading。

　　6．C　考查數(shù)量詞和主謂一致。a number of后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，quantity of后可跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)也可跟不可數(shù)名詞，所以首先排除A和B，再根據(jù)quantity，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如果是quantities時(shí)，謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　7．D　考查名詞性從句和定語從句。句意：大家都知道，這個(gè)生活一度困難的善良女孩仍然堅(jiān)持每天幫助周圍的老人。第一空引導(dǎo)主語從句，同時(shí)也作knows的賓語，所以選用what。第二空引導(dǎo)表語從句，用that。第三空引導(dǎo)定語從句，指代先行詞the kind girl，也作為for的賓語，所以用whom。

　　8．D　考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)。the number of…作主語時(shí)，其表語要用large，不能用many；倍數(shù)詞應(yīng)放在同級比較句型中第一個(gè)as之前，綜上所述本題應(yīng)選D。

　　9．D　is為謂語動詞，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)用動名詞短語作主語；concerning “有關(guān)的，關(guān)于”。根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選D。

　　10．C　cut down

　　砍倒/減縮(費(fèi)用); cut off 切掉，割。根據(jù)題意“在產(chǎn)品方面縮減”，應(yīng)選C。

　　11．A　grow to 增加到(同become)；grow up 長大；grow into 變成。根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選A。

　　12．A　考查代詞。句意：大家都清楚他考試不作弊是不可能獲得滿分的。It在句中作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句。

　　13．B　考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主句的主語是the boy，而tears則是flow的邏輯主語。在英語中兩個(gè)句子主語不一致時(shí)，需要用獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)，即tears flowing down his cheeks quietly。原句為The boy was having an operation on the stomach and tears were flowing down his cheeks quietly.

　　14．C　考查交際用語。句意：“真倒霉。他們沒有錄用我。”“怎么會是那樣？你已為面試做好了充分準(zhǔn)備。”So what那又怎么樣呢？What if如果……將會怎么樣？How come怎么會是那樣？ What about怎么樣？

　　15．B　考查非謂語動詞。句意：莉莉的手機(jī)意外地忘在出租車?yán)锪耍僖矝]有找到過。手機(jī)再也沒有被找到，故用被動語態(tài)，所以用never to be found作結(jié)果狀語。

　　.16.C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第5段第一句“The air quality in a city affects the regions nearby because pollutants(污染物)can travel through the atmosphere.”得出。

　　17．A　考查數(shù)字推斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第3段“Studies also show that the visibility(能見度)in eastern regions of China has dropped by 7 to 15 km compared to that in the early 1960s，as a result of air pollution.”計(jì)算得出。

　　18．B　考查觀點(diǎn)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Besides the existing pollution control program for ...air polluting areas...Coal-consumption caps will also be tried out in some areas，according to the plan.”，第四段“The plan is aimed at dealing with regional air pollution...”，以及最后一段第一行中的關(guān)鍵詞“pollution control program”，“the plan”以及“the new plan”可知。

　　19．D　考查詞語推測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“The new plan also requires an improved air quality system，which will measure the pollution levels. ‘The current system，which only measures some major pollutants，cannot reflect the true picture，’ said Chai. ”得知the true picture指代上一句中的the pollution levels。

　　.20.Goes　21.Causes　22.polluted　23.caring

　　24．40/Forty　25.namely　26.asked　27.provided

　　28．a(chǎn)s　29.make