2024高三英語總復習 Unit 24 Society課時作業北師大版

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　　【2024高考調研】（新課標·名校調研）北師大版·英語（高三總復習）Unit 24 Society（課時作業）

　　Ⅰ.單項填空

　　1. If we can ________ our present difficulties， then everything should be all right.

　　A. come across

　　B. get over

　　C. come over

　　D. get off

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：如果我們能克服目前的困難，一切都應該好起來的。get over有“克服；越過”的意思，為最佳選項。come across“偶然遇見”； come over“突然感到；短暫造訪”； get off“下車”。

　　2. Studies of populations ________ high levels of radiation have shown increased risk of cancer.

　　A. exposed to

　　B. filled in

　　C. caught on

　　D. kept up

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：對于人們接觸高核輻射的研究表明會增加患癌癥的風險。(be) exposed to“暴露于；接觸”，符合句意。fill in“填充”； catch on“理解；變得流行”； keep up“保持”。

　　3. This morning someone ________ from downtown and asked to see me at two o’clock.

　　A. called out

　　B. called on

　　C. called for

　　D. called up

　　答案

　　解析

　　句意：今天早上有人從市里打電話來，要求在兩點鐘時來看我。call up“打電話”； call out“大喊”； call for“需要”； call on“號召”。

　　4. — The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.

　　— Don’t worry. We have already ________ two thirds of it.

　　A. got down

　　B. got through

　　C. given in

　　D. given away

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：——老板說我們只有三天的時間去完成這項工作。——不用著急，我們已經完成了三分之二。get through“完成”； get down“寫下”； give in“放棄”； give away“出賣”，A、C、D意思都不符合句意。

　　5. — Have you ________ some new ideas?

　　— Yeah， I’ll tell you later.

　　A. come about

　　B. come into

　　C. come up with

　　D. come out with

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查動詞詞組辨析。come up with表示“想出；想起”。come about用作不及物動詞短語，表示“發生”； come into表示“進入；得到”，不符合語境； come out with表示“發表；公布；說出；提出；展出；供應”，語意不恰當。

　　6. Hearing the news that he didn’t pass the final exam， he became ________ at once.

　　A. casted down

　　B. cast down

　　C. cast off

　　D. casted off

　　答案

　　解析

　　cast的過去式和過去分詞是它的本身； cast down意為“使沮喪”符合句意，故選B。

　　7. (2024·鎮江模擬)Some old people don’t like pop song because they can’t ________ so much noise.

　　A. concern

　　B. tolerate

　　C. undertake

　　D. ignore

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查動詞辨析。句意：一些老年人不喜歡流行音樂，因為他們無法忍受這么大的噪音。tolerate“容忍”； concern“關注”； undertake“承擔”； ignore“忽略”。

　　8. (2024·安徽六校聯考)Only when ________ possible to settle the problem.

　　A. does will it be

　　B. the editor comes will it be

　　C. has the editor come it will be

　　D. the editor comes it will be

　　答案

　　解析

　　由only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句放在句首時，其后面的主句要用部分倒裝。

　　9. The old curtain， whose color has ________， is replaced with a new one.

　　A. failed

　　B. faded

　　C. declined

　　D. dismissed

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查動詞詞義辨析。根據語境The old curtain， ...， is replaced with a new one可知“舊窗簾都已經褪色了”。fade“變淡；變暗”； fail“失敗；(健康、視力等)衰退”； decline“下降”； dismiss“解雇；開除”。

　　10. — Could you meet me at the train station at 9 tomorrow morning?

　　— I’d like to， but I ________ for Pairs by the time you arrive.

　　A. will leave

　　B. have left

　　C. will have left

　　D. am leaving

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查動詞時態。by+表示將來的時間，主句用將來完成時，此句意思是 “你到的時候，我已經離開去巴黎了。”故選擇C。

　　11. — We could have finished the job on time ________ us.

　　— I really wanted to help you， but I was too busy then.

　　A. you assisted

　　B. did you have assist

　　C. had you assisted

　　D. you had assisted

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查虛擬語氣。本句是表示和過去相反的虛擬語氣，故if從句使用過去完成時，如果省略if，從句用部分倒裝，因此選擇C。

　　12. How long do you suppose it is ________ he took over the company from his father?

　　A. before

　　B. since

　　C. when

　　D. after

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查固定句型。It is+時間段+since從句表示“自從……以來多長時間了”。

　　13. Was it in the beautiful park ________ was located by the sea ________ we first met our new Chinese teacher?

　　A. where； that

　　B. which； which

　　C. that； that

　　D. which； where

　　答案

　　解析

　　第一個空處缺少作主語的關系代詞，可用that也可用which；第二個空為強調句的連接詞that。

　　14. — It has become a nationwide requirement that every student ________ have daily exercise for one hour.

　　— Yeah. It is high time that we ________ special attention to physical exercise.

　　A. must； should pay

　　B. should； paid

　　C. will； shall pay

　　D. need； pay

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查虛擬語氣和情態動詞。主句中有requirement，其名詞性從句的謂語部分應用(should+)動詞原形，故第一空填should；第二空所在句式為：It is(about / high)time+從句，從句應用虛擬語氣，即一般過去時或should+動詞原形。

　　15. — Mum， I’ve got a bad cold.

　　— Oh. Tom， ________ go to see the doctor.

　　A. so you have

　　B. you’d better

　　C. so have you

　　D. I would rather you

　　答案

　　解析

　　考查情景交際。句意：——媽媽，我得了重感冒。——噢，湯姆，你最好去看醫生。根據上下文，應用you’d better do sth.意為“你最好做……”。

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　A beer bottle thrown from the stands landed near Usain Bolt in the moments before the 100-meter final Sunday night in London.

　　As Bolt and seven other competitors ducked into their starting crouches, a bottle sailed from the first row of the stands at Olympic Stadium.

　　It harmlessly bounced in the lane belonging to Yohan Blake and didn’t appear to cause a distraction(分心)to the runners. The thrower’s lack of strength was a blessing. Had he gathered tips from the competitors of the hammer throw(鏈球) competition, which was on in the field at the same time as the 100 final, he could have hit one of the competitors. It ended up landing on the land a few feet from Blake(lane 5).

　　Edith Bosch, a female Dutch judoka who won a bronze medal earlier during the Olympics, claimed that the man who threw the bottle was sitting near her and she “beat” him. Whether that’s true or the hyperbole(夸張的語句) of an aggravated athlete was unclear in the minutes after the incident. Pictures showed a group of Dutch athletes sitting behind the starting area.

　　The police took the man into custody(被拘留). He would appear in court on Monday morning.

　　Neither Bolt nor Blake knew the incident until they were informed by reporters. “I don’t know who would have done that,” Bolt said.

　　Gatlin was aware of it but implied it was only a slight distraction. “I didn’t know what it was,” he said, according to the BBC, “but when you’re in those blocks, the whole stadium is so quiet that you can hear a pin drop.”

　　1. What is the text mainly about?

　　A. Usain Bolt along with seven other competitors.

　　B. Beer bottle thrown at Usain Bolt before 100 final.

　　C. A female Dutch judoka sitting behind the starting area.

　　D. The man who threw the beer bottle was arrested by police.

　　2. How many exact athletes are mentioned in the text?

　　A. Two.

　　B. Four.

　　C. Seven.

　　D. Eleven.

　　3. What can we learn from the third paragraph?

　　A. Luckily, the bottle belonged to Yohan Blake.

　　B. The thrower gathered tips from the competitors.

　　C. At that time the hammer throw competition was on.

　　D. Unfortunately, the bottle hit one of the athletes.

　　4. From the text, we know that Edith Bosch ________.

　　A. won a bronze medal in the judoka competition at the London Olympics

　　B. is not a female Dutch judoka but a competitor of the hammer throw competition

　　C. really beat the thrower because she was just sitting near the man

　　D. didn’t know the incident until she was informed

　　答案與解析

　　1. 答案

　　解析

　　主旨大意題。根據文章的首段及全篇即可概括選項B符合文章總體表述的基本含義。

　　2. 答案

　　解析

　　細節理解題。通讀全文可知，文章中具體提到的運動員有Usain Bolt, Yohan Blake, Edith Bosch和Gatlin，故正確選項為B項。

　　3. 答案

　　解析

　　細節理解題。由第三段第三句the hammer throw competition, which was on in the field at the same time可知C項正確。

　　4. 答案

　　解析

　　細節理解題。根據第四段首句Edith Bosch, a female Dutch judoka who won a bronze medal earlier during the Olympics可知。

　　A few years ago, the world crossed a threshold(門檻). For the first time, more than half the human race is living in cities. By 2050 the figure will rise to 70 percent. We are adding the equivalent (相當物) of seven New Yorks to the planet every year.

　　Cities bring together the systems by which our world works: education, transportation, public safety, and health care, among others. Our challenge is to apply this technology to improving the places we live. Consider the applications:

　　Transportation

　　Car ownership in emerging markets is growing from less than one in ten people to one in three. Integrated technology can help relieve traffic pressure. IBM helped Stockholm implement(使生效) a congestion-management system that reduced traffic by 18 percent.

　　Energy and Water

　　As urbanization levels increase, city leaders must satisfy demands for water and energy while promoting the sustainable(持續的) use of resources. Malta, for example, is building a fully integrated national electricity and water system that will monitor usage, set variable rates, and reward those who use less energy and water.

　　Health Care

　　In a smart health-care system, patients, doctors, and insurers can all share information searntessly(無空隙地；不停頓地). Sainte-Justine, a research hospital in Montreal, is automating the gathering of critical research data and applying analytics to speed childhood cancer research.

　　Education

　　There are more than 15 000 local school districts in the United States delivering K-12 programs, with separate operating systems, measurements, and management processes. In an integrated system, parents and teachers can have a real-time view of the status and performance of every student, enabling schools to tailor learning programs to individual students.

　　Cities of the future will have to be far more collaborative(協作的). I’m not talking just about public-sector or private sector cooperation. None of the systems I’ve described is controlled by any one agency, sector, or industry. The world’s cities, new and old, have the potential to be the economic, governmental, cultural, and technological power plants of a more efficient, prospero, and progressive world — if we can make them smarter. The time to start doing so is now.

　　5. What does the author think of cities in our world?

　　A. They are similar.

　　B. They are hopeless.

　　C. They are sound.

　　D. They are different.

　　6. The passage suggests that ________.

　　A. the majority of the human race is now living in cities

　　B. the most important locus(地點) for 21st-century innovation(革新) will be our cities

　　C. cities’ health-care systems will not be pushed to the limit as populations grow

　　D. individual students present the most promising opportunity to make our planet smarter

　　7. The following are the applications mentioned in the passage EXCEPT ________.

　　A. a congestion-management system