高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精要講解三十五：省略與替代
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精要講解三十五：省略與替代
Ⅰ、動(dòng)詞不定式中的省略
1．在下列動(dòng)詞see ，watch ，notice ， observe ， look at ， make ， have ，let ， hear ， listen to ， feel等后的不定式做賓補(bǔ)，要省略不定式符號(hào)。
2．在．．．do nothing but / except do ．．．的結(jié)構(gòu)中，在介詞but或except后作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不定式符號(hào)要省略。
3．在would rather和had better后不定式符號(hào)要省略。
4．在幾個(gè)不定式并列時(shí)，第二個(gè)、第三個(gè)不定式的不定式符號(hào)要省略。
5．在expect ，forget ， like ，want ， wish ， try ， have ， need ， used ， ought ， be able ， be going 等動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組后接的不定式中，不定式符號(hào)后面的動(dòng)詞原形常省略。
Ⅱ、從句中的省略
1．在if ， as if ，while ， when ， where ， although ， unless ， what ， whether等引起的狀語(yǔ)從句中可以省略主謂部分。
Mistakes， if any ，should be corrected ．（ = if there are any mistakes）
Please come again ，if possible．（= if it possible for you to come）
Fill in the proper articles where necessary．（= where they are necessary）
He wont come ，unless invited ．(= unless he is invited)
He opened his lips as if to say something ．（= as if he were going to say something）
2． 在if引起的從句中如有等詞倒裝時(shí)，省略if。
Were I you, I would not do it.
Had we known your telephone number, I would have given you a phone call.
3． We have finished our homework, so have they. (= and they have finished their homework , too)
If you dont go to the concert, neither shall I. (= I shall not go to the concert either)
4．賓語(yǔ)從句中連詞that引起的賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞that、which，whom等
在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓與可以省略that。
Ⅲ、介詞的省略
prevent sb (from) doing sth.
stop sb (from) doing sth.
have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.
spend time / money (in) doing sth.
be busy (in) doing sth.
Ⅳ、替代
省略與代替的作用是什么?
1．so代替前面句子中已經(jīng)表達(dá)過(guò)的詞,短語(yǔ)或句子(多是賓與從句). 與so 連用的常用動(dòng)詞有：hope , believe, think , be afraid , expect , surprise, imagine等．
2．用not代替so的情況.
3．用不定式符號(hào)代替不定式.
4．用do在句子中代替其它動(dòng)詞.
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精要講解三十五：省略與替代
Ⅰ、動(dòng)詞不定式中的省略
1．在下列動(dòng)詞see ，watch ，notice ， observe ， look at ， make ， have ，let ， hear ， listen to ， feel等后的不定式做賓補(bǔ)，要省略不定式符號(hào)。
2．在．．．do nothing but / except do ．．．的結(jié)構(gòu)中，在介詞but或except后作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不定式符號(hào)要省略。
3．在would rather和had better后不定式符號(hào)要省略。
4．在幾個(gè)不定式并列時(shí)，第二個(gè)、第三個(gè)不定式的不定式符號(hào)要省略。
5．在expect ，forget ， like ，want ， wish ， try ， have ， need ， used ， ought ， be able ， be going 等動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組后接的不定式中，不定式符號(hào)后面的動(dòng)詞原形常省略。
Ⅱ、從句中的省略
1．在if ， as if ，while ， when ， where ， although ， unless ， what ， whether等引起的狀語(yǔ)從句中可以省略主謂部分。
Mistakes， if any ，should be corrected ．（ = if there are any mistakes）
Please come again ，if possible．（= if it possible for you to come）
Fill in the proper articles where necessary．（= where they are necessary）
He wont come ，unless invited ．(= unless he is invited)
He opened his lips as if to say something ．（= as if he were going to say something）
2． 在if引起的從句中如有等詞倒裝時(shí)，省略if。
Were I you, I would not do it.
Had we known your telephone number, I would have given you a phone call.
3． We have finished our homework, so have they. (= and they have finished their homework , too)
If you dont go to the concert, neither shall I. (= I shall not go to the concert either)
4．賓語(yǔ)從句中連詞that引起的賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞that、which，whom等
在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓與可以省略that。
Ⅲ、介詞的省略
prevent sb (from) doing sth.
stop sb (from) doing sth.
have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.
spend time / money (in) doing sth.
be busy (in) doing sth.
Ⅳ、替代
省略與代替的作用是什么?
1．so代替前面句子中已經(jīng)表達(dá)過(guò)的詞,短語(yǔ)或句子(多是賓與從句). 與so 連用的常用動(dòng)詞有：hope , believe, think , be afraid , expect , surprise, imagine等．
2．用not代替so的情況.
3．用不定式符號(hào)代替不定式.
4．用do在句子中代替其它動(dòng)詞.
