2023年理工類考試輔導(dǎo)：完形填空題答題技巧9
上下文語(yǔ)義。
空格所缺為實(shí)義詞，測(cè)試重點(diǎn)不是選擇項(xiàng)之間詞義和詞形的比較辨異，也不是它們的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容或慣用搭配，而是短文的理解。這類空缺脫離了上下文就無(wú)從確定選哪項(xiàng)。只對(duì)空格所在句句子的理解是不夠的，考生只有在理解上下文的基礎(chǔ)上，才能進(jìn)行答題，這類空格在各類水平考試的完形填空中占相當(dāng)大的比重。如下例是MET中的完形填空，其中有14題屬于上下文語(yǔ)義題：
Among the early Greeks，Aristotle was1t0 watch living things and t0 try to classifY them，to attempt to find out2life begins，and to write down his observation.
His methodswork with the catfish ale typical3his procedures.He spent hour4hour al the stern of a small boat5the coast of Lesbos t)n the Aegean Sea leaning far out6the clear，shallow water，looking down at a catfish that7its eggs among the reeds.8he watched，he held his boat steadywith a strong pole9it would not float away.Later he made a record oI1 0he halt seen.
So dayafter day from the stern 0f his small boat near the shore.Aristotle watched the life 0f the underwater world11itself.Everyone12fish before.and the fishermen knew something about their habits，13this knowledge helped them t0 get a bigger catch.But until then14had watched the ways 0f fish15the single purpose of trying to undemtand them.
Aristotle thought that16he observed each living thing carefully enough and recorded what he saw，he would come closer 17 life.He had great patience and extraordinary powers 0f observation，and18 these two essential qualities he had an imagination which19it possible for him t020what he saw.
1.A.a manB.a scientistC.firstD.the first
2.A.whatB.whichC.howD.that
3.A.0fB.forC.inD.from
4.A.bvB.t0C.fromD.after
5.A.offB.inC.t0D.with
6.A.inB.underC.overD.by
7.A.1aidB.was lyingC.1iedD.was laying
8.A.IfB.ThoughC.AsD.Since
9.A.thatB.so thatC.whichD.so as to
10.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.when
11.A.to revealB.to be revealingC.revealedD.revealing
12.A.sawB.have seenC.has seenD.had seen
13.A.forB.withC.inD.about
14.A.oneB.not oneC.no oneD.man
15.A.forB.withC.because ofD.in
16.A.whetherB.ifC.whenD.as
17.A.to be understoodB.t0 an understanding
C.to an understanding ofD.understand
18.A.exceptB.except forC.besideD.besides
19.A.thoughtB.madeC.consideredD.caused
20.A.interpretB.translateC.declareD.pronounce
上下文語(yǔ)義。
空格所缺為實(shí)義詞，測(cè)試重點(diǎn)不是選擇項(xiàng)之間詞義和詞形的比較辨異，也不是它們的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容或慣用搭配，而是短文的理解。這類空缺脫離了上下文就無(wú)從確定選哪項(xiàng)。只對(duì)空格所在句句子的理解是不夠的，考生只有在理解上下文的基礎(chǔ)上，才能進(jìn)行答題，這類空格在各類水平考試的完形填空中占相當(dāng)大的比重。如下例是MET中的完形填空，其中有14題屬于上下文語(yǔ)義題：
Among the early Greeks，Aristotle was1t0 watch living things and t0 try to classifY them，to attempt to find out2life begins，and to write down his observation.
His methodswork with the catfish ale typical3his procedures.He spent hour4hour al the stern of a small boat5the coast of Lesbos t)n the Aegean Sea leaning far out6the clear，shallow water，looking down at a catfish that7its eggs among the reeds.8he watched，he held his boat steadywith a strong pole9it would not float away.Later he made a record oI1 0he halt seen.
So dayafter day from the stern 0f his small boat near the shore.Aristotle watched the life 0f the underwater world11itself.Everyone12fish before.and the fishermen knew something about their habits，13this knowledge helped them t0 get a bigger catch.But until then14had watched the ways 0f fish15the single purpose of trying to undemtand them.
Aristotle thought that16he observed each living thing carefully enough and recorded what he saw，he would come closer 17 life.He had great patience and extraordinary powers 0f observation，and18 these two essential qualities he had an imagination which19it possible for him t020what he saw.
1.A.a manB.a scientistC.firstD.the first
2.A.whatB.whichC.howD.that
3.A.0fB.forC.inD.from
4.A.bvB.t0C.fromD.after
5.A.offB.inC.t0D.with
6.A.inB.underC.overD.by
7.A.1aidB.was lyingC.1iedD.was laying
8.A.IfB.ThoughC.AsD.Since
9.A.thatB.so thatC.whichD.so as to
10.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.when
11.A.to revealB.to be revealingC.revealedD.revealing
12.A.sawB.have seenC.has seenD.had seen
13.A.forB.withC.inD.about
14.A.oneB.not oneC.no oneD.man
15.A.forB.withC.because ofD.in
16.A.whetherB.ifC.whenD.as
17.A.to be understoodB.t0 an understanding
C.to an understanding ofD.understand
18.A.exceptB.except forC.besideD.besides
19.A.thoughtB.madeC.consideredD.caused
20.A.interpretB.translateC.declareD.pronounce
