英語講義【91】混淆的動(dòng)詞形態(tài)
以前談過了動(dòng)詞形態(tài)的錯(cuò)誤，這種錯(cuò)誤屢見不鮮，是英語錯(cuò)誤中常見的一種。因?yàn)檫@緣故，很多英語考試，都會有一項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞形式選擇或改正的試題。
從觀察所得，動(dòng)詞形態(tài)錯(cuò)誤的一個(gè)原因是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的混淆所引起的。
這里便舉些例子談?wù)劇?/p>
?、?Hang
這動(dòng)詞有兩個(gè)主要意思，就是懸掛和吊死。前者的過去式和過去分詞是hung，如：
?、?Mr Lim hung a newly bought oil painting on the wall.
?、?Who has hung the dirty clothes on the tree?
Hang當(dāng)?shù)跛罆r(shí)用，它的過去式和過去分詞是hanged，如：
?、?The prisoner hanged himself in the prison.
?、?Drug-traffickers, if arrested, will be hanged.
如果貿(mào)貿(mào)然用hung代替hanged或以hanged取代hung就會令人莫名其妙，如：
⑤ The murderer was caught and hung.
⑥ How can such a nice painting be hanged in the kitchen?
?、?Lie
這動(dòng)詞的常見意思是說謊和躺下。前者的過去式和過去分詞是lied；后者的是lay和lain.
若不小心，把兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的形式搞亂了，很可能會有這樣的錯(cuò)誤：
?、?The puppy lied on the carpet and slept.
⑧ Have you lain to your good friend?
?、呃锏膽?yīng)為lay；⑧里的是lied.
提到lay，它也是原動(dòng)詞，意思是生產(chǎn)或擺設(shè)；過去式和過去分詞都是laid，如：
?、?That hen has laid its first egg.
⑩ Mother laid the table for dinner.
?、?Speed
當(dāng)急馳時(shí)，這動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞是sped；和up連用當(dāng) 加速解時(shí)，則用speeded，如：
The boy ran out of doors and sped down the main road.
The new scheme has speeded up the administrative process.
㈣ Bear
這動(dòng)詞有幾個(gè)意思，包括生產(chǎn)和出生，過去形式是bore ，過去分詞是born/borne，如：
Pat has borne two lovely children.
Lily was born after Singapores independence.
Born只用在出生這意思上，其余的要用borne，如：
The Governments investments abroad have borne fruit.（結(jié)果）
David has borne with the unfriendly criticisms with tremendous courage.（忍受）
以前談過了動(dòng)詞形態(tài)的錯(cuò)誤，這種錯(cuò)誤屢見不鮮，是英語錯(cuò)誤中常見的一種。因?yàn)檫@緣故，很多英語考試，都會有一項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞形式選擇或改正的試題。
從觀察所得，動(dòng)詞形態(tài)錯(cuò)誤的一個(gè)原因是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的混淆所引起的。
這里便舉些例子談?wù)劇?/p>
?、?Hang
這動(dòng)詞有兩個(gè)主要意思，就是懸掛和吊死。前者的過去式和過去分詞是hung，如：
?、?Mr Lim hung a newly bought oil painting on the wall.
?、?Who has hung the dirty clothes on the tree?
Hang當(dāng)?shù)跛罆r(shí)用，它的過去式和過去分詞是hanged，如：
?、?The prisoner hanged himself in the prison.
④ Drug-traffickers, if arrested, will be hanged.
如果貿(mào)貿(mào)然用hung代替hanged或以hanged取代hung就會令人莫名其妙，如：
?、?The murderer was caught and hung.
⑥ How can such a nice painting be hanged in the kitchen?
?、?Lie
這動(dòng)詞的常見意思是說謊和躺下。前者的過去式和過去分詞是lied；后者的是lay和lain.
若不小心，把兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的形式搞亂了，很可能會有這樣的錯(cuò)誤：
?、?The puppy lied on the carpet and slept.
⑧ Have you lain to your good friend?
?、呃锏膽?yīng)為lay；⑧里的是lied.
提到lay，它也是原動(dòng)詞，意思是生產(chǎn)或擺設(shè)；過去式和過去分詞都是laid，如：
⑨ That hen has laid its first egg.
⑩ Mother laid the table for dinner.
㈢ Speed
當(dāng)急馳時(shí)，這動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞是sped；和up連用當(dāng) 加速解時(shí)，則用speeded，如：
The boy ran out of doors and sped down the main road.
The new scheme has speeded up the administrative process.
㈣ Bear
這動(dòng)詞有幾個(gè)意思，包括生產(chǎn)和出生，過去形式是bore ，過去分詞是born/borne，如：
Pat has borne two lovely children.
Lily was born after Singapores independence.
Born只用在出生這意思上，其余的要用borne，如：
The Governments investments abroad have borne fruit.（結(jié)果）
David has borne with the unfriendly criticisms with tremendous courage.（忍受）
