高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:-ing分詞作主語(yǔ)與不定式的區(qū)別
高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:-ing分詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí)與不定式的區(qū)別
-ing分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的主要區(qū)別在于:在表示比較抽象的一般的多次性行為時(shí)多用-ing分詞;在表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作,特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí),多用不定式。如:
Smoking is forbidden here. (泛指吸煙)這里禁止吸煙。
Its not good for you to smoke so much. (指你吸煙)吸這么多煙對(duì)你的身體不好。
My job is teaching. 我的工作是教書(shū)。
My job is to teach you English this term. 我這一學(xué)期的工作是教你們英語(yǔ)。
2. 高中階段能接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞:
mind(介意), suggest(建議), enjoy(欣賞,), admit(承認(rèn)), appreciate(感激,欣賞), avoid(避免), delay(推遲), dislike(不喜歡,厭惡), escape(逃脫), finish(完成), forgive(寬恕), imagine(想象), keep(保持), miss(錯(cuò)過(guò)), practise(訓(xùn)練), resist(抵抗,抵制), risk(冒險(xiǎn)), deny(拒絕,否認(rèn)), consider(考慮)等。
3. 有些動(dòng)詞既能接不定式,又能接-ing分詞,含義有所不同。如:
①forget, remember, regret等詞后面接不定式表示不定式動(dòng)作后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作,而后接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)表示分詞動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作。如:
Do you remember seeing me before? 你記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)我嗎?
Remember to lock the door when you leave. 離開(kāi)時(shí)要記得鎖門(mén)。
②動(dòng)詞mean, stop, try, go on等動(dòng)詞后面接分詞和接不定式作賓語(yǔ),意思也有所不同。如:
I try not to think about that. 我盡量不去想那件事。
Would you please try doing that again? 請(qǐng)你再試一次好嗎?
I mean to change it for another one. 我想換成另外一個(gè)。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 誤了這班車(chē)就意味著再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。
Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.
做完練習(xí)以后,我們繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)下一單元的單詞。
After a short rest, they went on working. 短暫地休息以后,他們又繼續(xù)工作。
He stopped talking when the bell rang. 鈴響的時(shí)候,他停止了講話。
While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的時(shí)候,他不時(shí)地停下來(lái)和湯姆談話。
注意:有時(shí)人們把stop后的動(dòng)詞不定式理解為目的狀語(yǔ)。
③動(dòng)詞allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ),不可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ),但可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如:
Please permit me to say a few words. 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我說(shuō)幾句話。
We dont permit smoking here. 我們這兒不允許吸煙。
④動(dòng)詞need, require, want作需要解時(shí),后面接-ing分詞或不定式的被動(dòng)式。如:
The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 這個(gè)房間需要打掃。
These little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.
這些小孩需要細(xì)心地照料。
⑤動(dòng)詞like, hate, prefer等后面,如表示一般性動(dòng)作,多用-ing分詞;如指特定的具體的某次動(dòng)作,多用不定式。如:
I like swimming, but I dont like to swim with you. 我喜歡游泳,但我不喜歡和你一起游泳。
I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去學(xué)校。
I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。
⑥動(dòng)詞begin, start后面,如表示有意識(shí)地開(kāi)始做某事,常用-ing分詞,否則用不定式更多一些。如:
We began to do that job last year. 我們?nèi)ツ觊_(kāi)始做那工作的。
They started talking about the film at once. 他們立刻開(kāi)始談?wù)撃遣侩娪啊?/p>
注:下面幾種情況多用不定式作賓語(yǔ):
a. 當(dāng)start, begin本身用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)。
When the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents.
老師走進(jìn)教室的時(shí)候,他正開(kāi)始寫(xiě)信給他的父母親。
b. 當(dāng)start, begin后接表示心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)。
Hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to solve the problem.
一聽(tīng)到消息,他就開(kāi)始考慮一個(gè)好辦法來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
c. 當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命的東西時(shí)。
We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我們正準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi),天開(kāi)始下雨了。 高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:-ing分詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí)與不定式的區(qū)別
-ing分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的主要區(qū)別在于:在表示比較抽象的一般的多次性行為時(shí)多用-ing分詞;在表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作,特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí),多用不定式。如:
Smoking is forbidden here. (泛指吸煙)這里禁止吸煙。
Its not good for you to smoke so much. (指你吸煙)吸這么多煙對(duì)你的身體不好。
My job is teaching. 我的工作是教書(shū)。
My job is to teach you English this term. 我這一學(xué)期的工作是教你們英語(yǔ)。
2. 高中階段能接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞:
mind(介意), suggest(建議), enjoy(欣賞,), admit(承認(rèn)), appreciate(感激,欣賞), avoid(避免), delay(推遲), dislike(不喜歡,厭惡), escape(逃脫), finish(完成), forgive(寬恕), imagine(想象), keep(保持), miss(錯(cuò)過(guò)), practise(訓(xùn)練), resist(抵抗,抵制), risk(冒險(xiǎn)), deny(拒絕,否認(rèn)), consider(考慮)等。
3. 有些動(dòng)詞既能接不定式,又能接-ing分詞,含義有所不同。如:
①forget, remember, regret等詞后面接不定式表示不定式動(dòng)作后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作,而后接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)表示分詞動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作。如:
Do you remember seeing me before? 你記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)我嗎?
Remember to lock the door when you leave. 離開(kāi)時(shí)要記得鎖門(mén)。
②動(dòng)詞mean, stop, try, go on等動(dòng)詞后面接分詞和接不定式作賓語(yǔ),意思也有所不同。如:
I try not to think about that. 我盡量不去想那件事。
Would you please try doing that again? 請(qǐng)你再試一次好嗎?
I mean to change it for another one. 我想換成另外一個(gè)。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 誤了這班車(chē)就意味著再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。
Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.
做完練習(xí)以后,我們繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)下一單元的單詞。
After a short rest, they went on working. 短暫地休息以后,他們又繼續(xù)工作。
He stopped talking when the bell rang. 鈴響的時(shí)候,他停止了講話。
While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的時(shí)候,他不時(shí)地停下來(lái)和湯姆談話。
高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:-ing分詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí)與不定式的區(qū)別
-ing分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的主要區(qū)別在于:在表示比較抽象的一般的多次性行為時(shí)多用-ing分詞;在表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作,特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí),多用不定式。如:
Smoking is forbidden here. (泛指吸煙)這里禁止吸煙。
Its not good for you to smoke so much. (指你吸煙)吸這么多煙對(duì)你的身體不好。
My job is teaching. 我的工作是教書(shū)。
My job is to teach you English this term. 我這一學(xué)期的工作是教你們英語(yǔ)。
2. 高中階段能接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞:
mind(介意), suggest(建議), enjoy(欣賞,), admit(承認(rèn)), appreciate(感激,欣賞), avoid(避免), delay(推遲), dislike(不喜歡,厭惡), escape(逃脫), finish(完成), forgive(寬恕), imagine(想象), keep(保持), miss(錯(cuò)過(guò)), practise(訓(xùn)練), resist(抵抗,抵制), risk(冒險(xiǎn)), deny(拒絕,否認(rèn)), consider(考慮)等。
3. 有些動(dòng)詞既能接不定式,又能接-ing分詞,含義有所不同。如:
①forget, remember, regret等詞后面接不定式表示不定式動(dòng)作后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作,而后接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)表示分詞動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作。如:
Do you remember seeing me before? 你記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)我嗎?
Remember to lock the door when you leave. 離開(kāi)時(shí)要記得鎖門(mén)。
②動(dòng)詞mean, stop, try, go on等動(dòng)詞后面接分詞和接不定式作賓語(yǔ),意思也有所不同。如:
I try not to think about that. 我盡量不去想那件事。
Would you please try doing that again? 請(qǐng)你再試一次好嗎?
I mean to change it for another one. 我想換成另外一個(gè)。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 誤了這班車(chē)就意味著再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。
Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.
做完練習(xí)以后,我們繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)下一單元的單詞。
After a short rest, they went on working. 短暫地休息以后,他們又繼續(xù)工作。
He stopped talking when the bell rang. 鈴響的時(shí)候,他停止了講話。
While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的時(shí)候,他不時(shí)地停下來(lái)和湯姆談話。
注意:有時(shí)人們把stop后的動(dòng)詞不定式理解為目的狀語(yǔ)。
③動(dòng)詞allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ),不可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ),但可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如:
Please permit me to say a few words. 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我說(shuō)幾句話。
We dont permit smoking here. 我們這兒不允許吸煙。
④動(dòng)詞need, require, want作需要解時(shí),后面接-ing分詞或不定式的被動(dòng)式。如:
The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 這個(gè)房間需要打掃。
These little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.
這些小孩需要細(xì)心地照料。
⑤動(dòng)詞like, hate, prefer等后面,如表示一般性動(dòng)作,多用-ing分詞;如指特定的具體的某次動(dòng)作,多用不定式。如:
I like swimming, but I dont like to swim with you. 我喜歡游泳,但我不喜歡和你一起游泳。
I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去學(xué)校。
I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。
⑥動(dòng)詞begin, start后面,如表示有意識(shí)地開(kāi)始做某事,常用-ing分詞,否則用不定式更多一些。如:
We began to do that job last year. 我們?nèi)ツ觊_(kāi)始做那工作的。
They started talking about the film at once. 他們立刻開(kāi)始談?wù)撃遣侩娪啊?/p>
注:下面幾種情況多用不定式作賓語(yǔ):
a. 當(dāng)start, begin本身用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)。
When the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents.
老師走進(jìn)教室的時(shí)候,他正開(kāi)始寫(xiě)信給他的父母親。
b. 當(dāng)start, begin后接表示心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)。
Hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to solve the problem.
一聽(tīng)到消息,他就開(kāi)始考慮一個(gè)好辦法來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
c. 當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命的東西時(shí)。
We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我們正準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi),天開(kāi)始下雨了。 高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:-ing分詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí)與不定式的區(qū)別
-ing分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的主要區(qū)別在于:在表示比較抽象的一般的多次性行為時(shí)多用-ing分詞;在表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作,特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí),多用不定式。如:
Smoking is forbidden here. (泛指吸煙)這里禁止吸煙。
Its not good for you to smoke so much. (指你吸煙)吸這么多煙對(duì)你的身體不好。
My job is teaching. 我的工作是教書(shū)。
My job is to teach you English this term. 我這一學(xué)期的工作是教你們英語(yǔ)。
2. 高中階段能接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞:
mind(介意), suggest(建議), enjoy(欣賞,), admit(承認(rèn)), appreciate(感激,欣賞), avoid(避免), delay(推遲), dislike(不喜歡,厭惡), escape(逃脫), finish(完成), forgive(寬恕), imagine(想象), keep(保持), miss(錯(cuò)過(guò)), practise(訓(xùn)練), resist(抵抗,抵制), risk(冒險(xiǎn)), deny(拒絕,否認(rèn)), consider(考慮)等。
3. 有些動(dòng)詞既能接不定式,又能接-ing分詞,含義有所不同。如:
①forget, remember, regret等詞后面接不定式表示不定式動(dòng)作后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作,而后接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)表示分詞動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作。如:
Do you remember seeing me before? 你記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)我嗎?
Remember to lock the door when you leave. 離開(kāi)時(shí)要記得鎖門(mén)。
②動(dòng)詞mean, stop, try, go on等動(dòng)詞后面接分詞和接不定式作賓語(yǔ),意思也有所不同。如:
I try not to think about that. 我盡量不去想那件事。
Would you please try doing that again? 請(qǐng)你再試一次好嗎?
I mean to change it for another one. 我想換成另外一個(gè)。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 誤了這班車(chē)就意味著再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。
Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.
做完練習(xí)以后,我們繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)下一單元的單詞。
After a short rest, they went on working. 短暫地休息以后,他們又繼續(xù)工作。
He stopped talking when the bell rang. 鈴響的時(shí)候,他停止了講話。
While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的時(shí)候,他不時(shí)地停下來(lái)和湯姆談話。