雅思閱讀完成句子題的解題要點分析

　　我們來關(guān)注一下雅思閱讀完成句子題。這種題目的題型要求是每個題目都是一個陳述句，但留有一個或兩個空格，要求根據(jù)原文填空。目前考試中，絕大部分的題目要求中有字數(shù)限制，一般有如下幾種表達方式： no more than two/three/four words ;one or two words ;use a maximum of two words。有字數(shù)限制的，一定要嚴格按照要求去做，必須滿足要求。少部分的題目要求中沒有字數(shù)限制，這時，請注意，答案字數(shù)也不會很長，一般不會超過四個字。這種題型的解題方法和短問答類似，但比較問答要準。難度在于題目中的關(guān)鍵詞和原文中的相應詞對應不明顯，考試中，A類一般是每次必考，考一組，共三題左右。G類一般是兩次考一次，考一組，共三題左右。

　　特別注意的內(nèi)容

　　1所填答案必須符合語法。因為是填空，所以所填答案必須符合語法規(guī)定。同樣有語法要求的題型是摘要填空，而短問答則不太要求語法。2絕大部分的答案來自原文原詞。大部分的答案來自原文原詞，而且是原文中連續(xù)的幾個詞。3答案字數(shù)不會很長。絕大部分的題目要求中有字數(shù)限制，這時必須滿足要求。即使題目要求中沒有字數(shù)限制，答案字數(shù)也不會很長，一般不會超過四個字。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)找到的答案字數(shù)很多，應首先懷疑自己找錯答案的位置。

　　原文：in addition to basic residence fees，most universities make minor additional charges for items such as registration fees，damage deposits，and power charges

　　題目：as well as the basic college residence fees, additional charges are usually made，but are describes as_______________________. 有的同學可能會答registration fees，damage deposits，and power charges，因為字數(shù)太多，所以應首先懷疑是錯誤的。正確答案應為minor additional charges。 4. 答案絕大部分是名詞短語。所填答案絕大部分是名詞短語，對應原文相應句子的賓語。也有少數(shù)題目的答案是形容詞短語或副詞短語。5. 要特別注意順序性。由于這種題型定位比較難，所以要特別注意順序性的運用。一道題若找了很長時間、很多段落也沒有找到答案，可能是因為題目中的關(guān)鍵詞和原文中的相應詞對應不明顯，答案位置已經(jīng)過去?？梢韵茸鱿乱坏李}。這種題型比較難，所以通常出現(xiàn)為一篇文章的第二種或第三種題型。它與前面的題型也構(gòu)成順序性，即這種題型第一題的答案位置絕大部分應在前一種題型的最后一題的答案位置之后。

　　我們可以通過對一篇雅思考試的題目的分析來掌握解考點和對策。

　　文章內(nèi)容: This argument, of course, ignores the true nature of public communication and the nature of the occasions in which it occurs. When we engage with people we do not know well to solve problems, share understanding and perspectives, advocate viewpoints, or seek stimulation, we are engaged in public speaking. Public communication is a familiar, daily activity that occurs in the streets, in restaurants, in board rooms, courtrooms, parks, factories and meeting. Public communication is usually situation-specific and ephemeral. Most audiences do well if they remember as much as 40 per cent of what a speaker says immediately after the speaker concludes; even less is retained as time goes by. This fact is both reassuring and challenging to the public communicator. On the one hand, it suggests that there is room for human error in making public pronouncements; on the other hand, it challenges the public speaker to be as informed as possible and to strive to defeat the poor listening habits of most public audiences.

　　問題: Use information from the above paragraph to complete the following statements. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER.

　　S1 The writer defines public speaking as any activity where people jointly explore problems, knowledge, attitudes and opinions, or look for _____________.

　　S2 At the end of most public speeches, most audiences immediately forget about _____________ of what they have just heard.

　　S3 Because most public speeches are short-lived, the speaker should work to counteract the _____________ of the listeners.

　　試題解析：在S1中空格的前面出現(xiàn)一連串的排比：explore problems, knowledge, attitudes and opinions, or look for...，文章中相應的出現(xiàn)如此的排比的地方第二到第三行：solve problems, share understanding and perspectives, advocate viewpoints, or seek stimulation, 其中solve與explore同義，understanding與knowledge同義， viewpoints與opinions同義，而seek又與look for同義，因此答案是stimulation;S2中的關(guān)鍵詞為most audiences和forget，而在第二小段的第一到第三行有：Most audiences do well if they remember as much as 40 per cent of what a speaker says immediately after the speaker concludes，其中有關(guān)鍵詞most audiences，以及forget的反義詞remember，因此這里應填入60%;在S3中，關(guān)鍵詞為work，counteract和listeners，此處的work有努力、奮力的意思，counteract表示反抗、反對、與...作斗爭，而listeners和audiences是同義詞，根據(jù)第二小段的最后兩行：to strive to defeat the poor listening habits of most public audiences，我們可以得出正確答案為poor listening habits，其中strive和work同義，defeat和counteract同義。

　　由此可見，技巧和語言能力的結(jié)合才能提高雅思閱讀完成句子題的準確性

　　解題步驟：1找出題目中的關(guān)鍵詞，最好先定位到原文中的一個段落。將題目中的關(guān)鍵詞與原文各段落的小標題或每段話的第一句相對照。有些題目能先定位到原文中的一個段落，這必將大大加快解題速度，并提高準確率。但也并非每個題目都能先定位到原文中的一個段落的。2從頭到尾快速閱讀該段落，根據(jù)題目中的其它關(guān)鍵詞確定正確答案。確定一個段落后，答案在該段落中的具體位置是未知的。所以，需要從頭到尾仔細閱讀該段落，找出題目中的關(guān)鍵詞的對應詞。仔細閱讀對應詞所在句子，確定正確答案。3要注意順序性，即題目的順序和原文的順序基本一致。這種題型是有順序性的。第二題的答案應在第一題的答案之后。這個規(guī)律也有助于確定答案的位置。

　　我們來關(guān)注一下雅思閱讀完成句子題。這種題目的題型要求是每個題目都是一個陳述句，但留有一個或兩個空格，要求根據(jù)原文填空。目前考試中，絕大部分的題目要求中有字數(shù)限制，一般有如下幾種表達方式： no more than two/three/four words ;one or two words ;use a maximum of two words。有字數(shù)限制的，一定要嚴格按照要求去做，必須滿足要求。少部分的題目要求中沒有字數(shù)限制，這時，請注意，答案字數(shù)也不會很長，一般不會超過四個字。這種題型的解題方法和短問答類似，但比較問答要準。難度在于題目中的關(guān)鍵詞和原文中的相應詞對應不明顯，考試中，A類一般是每次必考，考一組，共三題左右。G類一般是兩次考一次，考一組，共三題左右。

　　特別注意的內(nèi)容

　　1所填答案必須符合語法。因為是填空，所以所填答案必須符合語法規(guī)定。同樣有語法要求的題型是摘要填空，而短問答則不太要求語法。2絕大部分的答案來自原文原詞。大部分的答案來自原文原詞，而且是原文中連續(xù)的幾個詞。3答案字數(shù)不會很長。絕大部分的題目要求中有字數(shù)限制，這時必須滿足要求。即使題目要求中沒有字數(shù)限制，答案字數(shù)也不會很長，一般不會超過四個字。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)找到的答案字數(shù)很多，應首先懷疑自己找錯答案的位置。

　　原文：in addition to basic residence fees，most universities make minor additional charges for items such as registration fees，damage deposits，and power charges

　　題目：as well as the basic college residence fees, additional charges are usually made，but are describes as_______________________. 有的同學可能會答registration fees，damage deposits，and power charges，因為字數(shù)太多，所以應首先懷疑是錯誤的。正確答案應為minor additional charges。 4. 答案絕大部分是名詞短語。所填答案絕大部分是名詞短語，對應原文相應句子的賓語。也有少數(shù)題目的答案是形容詞短語或副詞短語。5. 要特別注意順序性。由于這種題型定位比較難，所以要特別注意順序性的運用。一道題若找了很長時間、很多段落也沒有找到答案，可能是因為題目中的關(guān)鍵詞和原文中的相應詞對應不明顯，答案位置已經(jīng)過去?？梢韵茸鱿乱坏李}。這種題型比較難，所以通常出現(xiàn)為一篇文章的第二種或第三種題型。它與前面的題型也構(gòu)成順序性，即這種題型第一題的答案位置絕大部分應在前一種題型的最后一題的答案位置之后。

　　我們可以通過對一篇雅思考試的題目的分析來掌握解考點和對策。

　　文章內(nèi)容: This argument, of course, ignores the true nature of public communication and the nature of the occasions in which it occurs. When we engage with people we do not know well to solve problems, share understanding and perspectives, advocate viewpoints, or seek stimulation, we are engaged in public speaking. Public communication is a familiar, daily activity that occurs in the streets, in restaurants, in board rooms, courtrooms, parks, factories and meeting. Public communication is usually situation-specific and ephemeral. Most audiences do well if they remember as much as 40 per cent of what a speaker says immediately after the speaker concludes; even less is retained as time goes by. This fact is both reassuring and challenging to the public communicator. On the one hand, it suggests that there is room for human error in making public pronouncements; on the other hand, it challenges the public speaker to be as informed as possible and to strive to defeat the poor listening habits of most public audiences.

　　問題: Use information from the above paragraph to complete the following statements. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER.

　　S1 The writer defines public speaking as any activity where people jointly explore problems, knowledge, attitudes and opinions, or look for _____________.

　　S2 At the end of most public speeches, most audiences immediately forget about _____________ of what they have just heard.

　　S3 Because most public speeches are short-lived, the speaker should work to counteract the _____________ of the listeners.

　　試題解析：在S1中空格的前面出現(xiàn)一連串的排比：explore problems, knowledge, attitudes and opinions, or look for...，文章中相應的出現(xiàn)如此的排比的地方第二到第三行：solve problems, share understanding and perspectives, advocate viewpoints, or seek stimulation, 其中solve與explore同義，understanding與knowledge同義， viewpoints與opinions同義，而seek又與look for同義，因此答案是stimulation;S2中的關(guān)鍵詞為most audiences和forget，而在第二小段的第一到第三行有：Most audiences do well if they remember as much as 40 per cent of what a speaker says immediately after the speaker concludes，其中有關(guān)鍵詞most audiences，以及forget的反義詞remember，因此這里應填入60%;在S3中，關(guān)鍵詞為work，counteract和listeners，此處的work有努力、奮力的意思，counteract表示反抗、反對、與...作斗爭，而listeners和audiences是同義詞，根據(jù)第二小段的最后兩行：to strive to defeat the poor listening habits of most public audiences，我們可以得出正確答案為poor listening habits，其中strive和work同義，defeat和counteract同義。

　　由此可見，技巧和語言能力的結(jié)合才能提高雅思閱讀完成句子題的準確性

　　解題步驟：1找出題目中的關(guān)鍵詞，最好先定位到原文中的一個段落。將題目中的關(guān)鍵詞與原文各段落的小標題或每段話的第一句相對照。有些題目能先定位到原文中的一個段落，這必將大大加快解題速度，并提高準確率。但也并非每個題目都能先定位到原文中的一個段落的。2從頭到尾快速閱讀該段落，根據(jù)題目中的其它關(guān)鍵詞確定正確答案。確定一個段落后，答案在該段落中的具體位置是未知的。所以，需要從頭到尾仔細閱讀該段落，找出題目中的關(guān)鍵詞的對應詞。仔細閱讀對應詞所在句子，確定正確答案。3要注意順序性，即題目的順序和原文的順序基本一致。這種題型是有順序性的。第二題的答案應在第一題的答案之后。這個規(guī)律也有助于確定答案的位置。