【復(fù)習(xí)方略】2024版高考英語(yǔ)一輪外研版課時(shí)提升作業(yè)：選修6 Module 5《Cloning》（含解析）
課時(shí)提升作業(yè)(三十五)
Ⅰ. 單項(xiàng)填空
1. (2024·棗莊模擬)The hat the actor’s wearing sharply with his dress.
A. contentedB. contracted
C. contrasted
D. contacted
2. If you take this medicine twice a day, it should your headache.
A. comfortB. cure
C. treat
D. recover
3. (2024·杭州模擬)Nobody wanted to make friends with the student money.
A. suspected having stolen
B. suspected to steal
C. suspected to have stolen
D. suspected of having stolen
4. (2024·大慶模擬) writing the article, the author forgot that he had a meeting to attend.
A. Absorbed in
B. Absorbing at
C. To absorb in
D. Having absorbed by
5. —Why don’t you stay a little longer?
— , but I really should be on my way.
A. I wish I could B. That’s too bad
C. Forget about it
D. It is my pleasure
6. (2024·天津模擬)It was a really experience. Afterwards everybody was very .
A. terrifying; shocking B. terrified; shocking
C. terrifying; shocked
D. terrified; shocked
7. The girl couldn’t reaching out for the sweets.
A. resist B. reject
C. decline
D. refuse
8. —How about your journey to Mount Emei?
—Everything was wonderful except that our car twice on the way.
A. slowed down B. broke down
C. got down
D. put down
9. Cycling is highly to people’s health and the environment.
A. fashionable B. beneficial
C. changeable
D. suitable
10. (2024·濟(jì)南模擬)Jenny said she was by the programme in the TV, so she turned it off.
A. disgusted B. attracted
C. disgusting
D. attracting
11. The children should learn to their parentstheir close friends, which is also the expectation of the parents.
A. regard; with B. treat; as
C. consider; for
D. think; of
12. (2024·成都模擬)Seeing nobody dared to save the little child in the house because the fire , I went in.
A. got out of control B. got over control
C. became in control
D. was under control
13. (2024·青島模擬)While the matter, the students got very excited in the class.
A. discussing B. discussed
C. were discussing
D. being discussed
14. (2024·天津模擬)If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river so seriously now.
A. is not polluted
B. would not be polluted
C. had not been polluted
D. would not have been polluted
15. You can’t the weather being fine for anything you plan in England.
A. hold on B. insist on
C. put on
D. rely on
Ⅱ. 閱讀理解
AThere are three reasons why I don’t think that we are ready for cloning. Firstly, we don’t know exactly what the consequences of cloning would be. For example, if scientists cloned a man, they might know what he would look like, but they wouldn’t know his dominant traits. What would happen if scientists cloned another Hitler or others like him? Do you really think we would survive if this became a reality?
Secondly, cloning raises many ethical questions. Look back at the cloned man I presented and ask yourself these questions:
“Do you really think that he would be a man? ”
“Who would be responsible for him? ”
“Do you think he should have the same rights as we have? ”
I don’t think that we can answer these questions now.
Lastly, we don’t know exactly what the meaning of life is. In my opinion, creating life is the duty of nature, and we must not interfere with that task because we can’t understand the extremely complicated relationships among lives that are defined by nature. Usually these relationships are extremely complex. Sometimes, they seem to be so untouchable that they cannot be changed. From my point of view, we have to look at the natural environment around us. We can see that an ecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))is composed of a lot of different kinds of life, and each life has its own function within the system. If we interfere with that, I think it could lead to our extinction.
Even though cloning may have a lot of benefits for humans, I think we should stop cloning because we do not understand it and can’t control all of its effects. Maybe in the future, we will be ready to do it, but that time has not yet arrived. (298W)
1. According to the author, we are not ready for cloning because .
A. two or more people would have the same appearance
B. scientists wouldn’t be sure about the personalities of the cloned people
C. people may not function properly if there are more cloned human beings
D. cloning has not been permitted by the government
2. According to the author, ethical questions refer to .
A. the rights and responsibilities of the government
B. the relationships among people
C. whether a person’s personality is good or not
D. the education and academic qualifications of a person
3. According to the passage, what’s the author’s attitude towards cloning?
A. Positive.
B. Critical.
C. Indifferent.
D. Ironic.
4. Which of the following would be the BEST title for the passage?
A. To Clone or Not
B. Why Should We Stop Cloning?
C. A Scientific Research on Cloning
D. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloning
B
Look closely at your hands—are they clean? It doesn’t matter how many times you wash your hands, they’re still crowded with microbes, which are also called “germs” or “bacteria”. Microbes are everywhere. But don’t worry—most microbes don’t harm you, and many actually help you stay alive.
Now, scientists say the microbes that live on our hands could be useful in a surprising way: fighting crime.
When the police visit the scene of a crime, they often look for fingerprints to try to identify the criminal. But according to a recent study, investigators could even use microbes to help break a criminal case.
Every person has his or her own set of microbes that live on their hands, according to scientists at the University of Colorado. That means the mix of different kinds of microbes on everybody’s hands is unique—much like one’s fingerprints.
The scientists wanted to know whether this microbe mix could be used as a new kind of fingerprint—especially in a crime scene where fingerprints might be hard to find. And policemen use forensics such as studying fingerprints to identify the criminal.
“Microbe fingerprints are harder to hide, ”said Noah Fierer, one of the scientists, “You can’t sterilize(殺菌)a surface just by wiping it off. ”
His team compared the bacteria on the hands of 273 people to the bacteria found on each person’s computer keyboard. For the study, the keyboards had been used only by the people who were being tested. The study showed that the mix of microbes from each person’s hands matched the mix of microbes on that person’s keyboard. The scientists were easily able to tell the 273 people apart—just by looking at their keyboards.
But there are a lot more than 273 criminals. Other scientists wonder whether the microbe fingerprint can really be that useful.
Fierer agrees that scientists have a lot more work to do before the microbe fingerprint will be a useful tool. (320W)
5. The underlined word “forensics” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to .
A. a new kind of fingerprint
B. the scientific test used by the police
C. a kind of bacteria on people’s hands
D. a kind of newly invented keyboard
6. What did Fierer’ s team find through the study?
A. They could tell who had used which computer.
B. They found the criminal among the 273 people.
C. Computer keyboards couldn’t keep people’s microbe fingerprints.
D. People’s hands could be identified by the keyboards they used.
7. We learn from the passage that .
A. the microbe fingerprint has been used in many cases
B. many scientists think microbe fingerprints useless
C. scientists will come to a clear conclusion soon
D. your microbes may give you away
8. The passage is mainly about .
A. the importance of fingerprints
B. how to clean our hands
C. different germs on our hands
D. the usefulness of microbes
【語(yǔ)篇隨練】
請(qǐng)將下列閱讀理解A中的句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)
In my opinion, creating life is the duty of nature, and we must not interfere with that task because we can’t understand the extremely complicated relationships among lives that are defined by nature. 【譯】
答案解析
Ⅰ. 1.【解析】選C。句意: 這位演員戴的帽子和他的衣服形成鮮明對(duì)比。contrast with與……形成對(duì)照, 符合句意; content with使……滿(mǎn)意; contract with. . . 與……簽合同; contact聯(lián)系。
2.【解析】選B。cure后可直接跟表示疾病的名詞作賓語(yǔ), 也可用“cure sb. of+表示疾病的名詞”結(jié)構(gòu), 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。comfort后常接sb. , 作“安慰”講; treat只指對(duì)某種疾病進(jìn)行治療, 不表示結(jié)果, 其用法是treat sb. for . . . ; recover“痊愈”, 由人作主語(yǔ), 其后跟from。
3.【解析】選D。考查suspect的用法。句意: 沒(méi)有人想和這個(gè)被懷疑偷錢(qián)的學(xué)生交朋友。suspect sb. of. . . “懷疑某人……”。suspected of having stolen money為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。
【變式備選】
Sometimes the police are not absolutely sure that someone has committed a crime, but him of having done it.
A. charge
B. suspect
C. inspect
D. doubt
【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意: 有時(shí)警察也沒(méi)有絕對(duì)的把握說(shuō)某個(gè)人犯了罪, 只是懷疑他有犯罪行為。suspect sb. of doing sth. “懷疑某人做過(guò)某事”。charge應(yīng)該和with搭配; inspect“檢查, 視察”; doubt“懷疑”, 一般不用于此句式。
4.【解析】選A。考查形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。句意: 專(zhuān)心于寫(xiě)文章, 這位作家忘記他還有個(gè)會(huì)要開(kāi)。(be)absorbed in“全神貫注于……”。
5.【解析】選A。句意: ——為什么你不再待會(huì)兒? ——我希望我能, 但我真的應(yīng)該走了。wish表示現(xiàn)在的愿望時(shí), 其后面的賓語(yǔ)從句用過(guò)去時(shí)。Forget about it“算了吧”; It
is my pleasure多用于回答別人的答謝。
【變式備選】
I failed in the exam again. How I wish I my parents’ advice to study hard.
A. took B. take
C. would take
D. had taken
【解析】選D。考查wish后的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前句可知wish表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的遺憾, 賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
6.【解析】選C。句意: 這真是一次可怕的經(jīng)歷。過(guò)后, 每個(gè)人都感到非常震驚。第一個(gè)空修飾物, 應(yīng)用形容詞化的現(xiàn)在分詞形式; 第二個(gè)空修飾人, 應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式。故選C。
7.【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意: 那女孩禁不住伸出手去夠那些糖。resist doing“抵制做……”, can’t resist doing“禁不住做……”, 固定短語(yǔ), 符合句意。reject拒絕; decline下降; refuse拒絕。
【變式備選】
(2024·大連模擬)She is overweight, but she can’t the temptation to eat more delicious food.
A. forbid B. attach
C. allow
D. resist
【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意: 盡管她胖, 但仍抵制不住吃更多美食的誘惑。resist the temptation“抵制住誘惑”。其他詞不能和the temptation連用表達(dá)此意思。
8.【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。break down出毛病, 壞掉。slow down減速; get down下來(lái), 卸下; put down放下, 寫(xiě)下。此處表示“除了車(chē)在路上壞了兩次外”, 故選B。
【變式備選】
News reports say peace talks between the two countries with no agreement reached.
A. have broken down B. have broken out
C. have broken in
D. have broken up
【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的用法區(qū)別。break down表示“(計(jì)劃、談判等)失敗; 堅(jiān)持不下去了”; break out表示“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病等)爆發(fā); 發(fā)生”; break in表示“強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入; 插嘴”; break up表示“分開(kāi); 拆散; 散會(huì); 放學(xué)”。根據(jù)句中with no agreement reached可知, 兩國(guó)和平談判失敗。
9【解析】選B。考查形容詞辨析。句意: 騎自行車(chē)對(duì)人們的身體健康和環(huán)境很有益處。fashionable時(shí)髦的; beneficial有益的, 受益的; changeable可改變的; suitable合適的。由句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。
10.【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意: 珍妮說(shuō)她對(duì)電視節(jié)目感到厭惡, 所以把電視關(guān)了。disgusted“厭惡的, 失望的”, 符合句意。由于是被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。attract“吸引”, 不符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。
11.【解析】選B。考查介詞搭配。句意: 孩子們應(yīng)該學(xué)著把他們的父母當(dāng)成親密的朋友, 這也是父母?jìng)兯谕摹４祟}考查重點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的用法, treat. . . as. . . “對(duì)待, 把……當(dāng)成……”, 符合句意。
12.【解析】選A。考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意: 因?yàn)榇蠡鹨呀?jīng)失控, 看到?jīng)]有人敢進(jìn)房子里面去救那個(gè)小孩, 我進(jìn)去了。get out of control意為“失去控制”, 故A項(xiàng)符合句意。B項(xiàng)不存在, C、D兩項(xiàng)都意為“(受)控制”, 不符合句意。
13.【解析】選A。考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。while discussing the matter相當(dāng)于while the students were discussing the matter, 省略了主語(yǔ)和be。
【知識(shí)拓展】
狀語(yǔ)從句的省略
一般說(shuō)來(lái)省略現(xiàn)象多出現(xiàn)在下列五種狀語(yǔ)從句中: 由when, while, as, before, after, till, until, once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句; 由whether, if, unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句; 由though, although, even if, whatever等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句; 由as, than等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句; 由as, as if, as though等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句。上述狀語(yǔ)從句在省略時(shí), 并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原則:
(1)當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致且從句中含有動(dòng)詞be時(shí), 可以省略狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞be, 只剩下主要的部分。例如:
Once(he was)a worker, Pang Long now becomes a famous singer.
龐龍?jiān)?jīng)是個(gè)工人, 現(xiàn)在成了一位著名的歌手。
He looked everywhere as if(he was)in search of something.
他到處看, 似乎在找什么東西。
The exhibition is more interesting than(it was)expected.
這次展覽比預(yù)料的有趣得多。
(2)當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)是it, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中又含有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí), 可以把it和系動(dòng)詞be一起省略。此時(shí)構(gòu)成連詞(if, unless, when, whenever)+形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
Unless(it is)necessary, you’d better not refer to the dictionary.
如果沒(méi)有必要, 你最好不要查詞典。
14.【解析】選B。考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意: 如果我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)采取有效措施的話(huà), 現(xiàn)在這條河就不會(huì)污染得這么嚴(yán)重了。根據(jù)now可知, 主句為與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 所以用would do的形式, 故選B。
15.【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意: 在英國(guó)你無(wú)論計(jì)劃干什么事都不要指望會(huì)碰上好天氣。rely on依賴(lài), 依靠, 符合句意。hold on握住, 堅(jiān)持; insist on堅(jiān)持; put on舉辦, 上演, 穿上。
