2024高考英語熱點(diǎn)題型和提分秘籍專題訓(xùn)練：專題12 特殊句式（原卷版）
2024年高考英語熱點(diǎn)題型和提分秘籍
專題12 特殊句式
特殊句式比較雜亂，掌握起來有一定的難度。其中倒裝句是高考的熱點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句是高考的難點(diǎn)。同時(shí)，祈使句與陳述句的區(qū)別、省略與替代的合理運(yùn)用也是高考考查的重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。近三年的高考題更加注重考查知識(shí)之間的交叉現(xiàn)象，如在考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句的同時(shí)考查定語從句，把省略、強(qiáng)調(diào)句與時(shí)間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生綜合把握語言知識(shí)的能力。
題型一
倒裝句
例1、In front of the farmhouse ________ (lie) a peasant boy.
【提分秘籍】
1全部倒裝
(1)表示方式或方位的副詞或介詞短語，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, on the wall, under the tree等置于句首，且主語是名詞時(shí)。
①John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.
約翰打開門，那兒站著一位他從來沒見過的女孩。
②Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all covered with blood.
公共汽車的前面躺著一個(gè)受傷的人，渾身是血。
(2)代詞such放在句首，且在句中作表語時(shí)。
Such are the facts; no one can deny them.
這些就是事實(shí)；沒有人可以否認(rèn)。
(3)為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)或使上下文銜接緊密，常將作表語的形容詞、副詞、分詞或介詞短語提到句首，引起全部倒裝。
①Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.
坐在第一排的是一些資深工人。
②Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.
許多來自中國(guó)的科學(xué)家出席了會(huì)議。
注意：上述情況中，若主語是人稱代詞，則不用倒裝。
③Away they went.
他們走了。
________ (sit) under the tree was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen.
熱點(diǎn)題型
部分倒裝
例2、 From the picture we know, ________ happy do the children feel that they are wild with joy.
【提分秘籍】
(1)so/neither/nor＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(表示前一句中的內(nèi)容也適合另一人或另一事物)
①If Joe's wife won't go to the party, neither will he.
如果Joe的妻子不參加晚會(huì)，他也不去。
②She has been to New York. So have I.
她去過紐約，我也去過。
注意：so表示“是的，確實(shí)”時(shí)，主謂語不倒裝。
－It is too hot.
－So it is.
——天太熱了。
——是啊，的確很熱。
(2)表示否定意義的副詞、連詞或短語置于句首時(shí)
當(dāng)not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way等詞或短語位于句首時(shí)。
①Not a single song did she sing at yesterday's party.
在昨天的晚會(huì)上她一首歌也沒有唱。
②At no time will China be the first to use the nuclear weapon.
在任何情況下中國(guó)決不會(huì)第一個(gè)使用核武器。
(3)在so/such...that...句型中，若so/such...提到句首時(shí)
In such a hurry did he leave the office that he forgot to lock the door.
他離開辦公室時(shí)太匆忙了，結(jié)果忘了鎖門。
(4)當(dāng)“only＋狀語(副詞、介詞短語或從句)”置于句首時(shí)
Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.
只有在我朋友來了之后，電腦才修好。
(5)表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形＋as/though＋主語＋其他時(shí)，句子要倒裝
Much as I like it, I'll not buy it.
盡管我很喜歡它，但我不會(huì)買。
Pretty as she is, she is not proud.
盡管她很漂亮，但她一點(diǎn)也不自負(fù)。
Try as he would, he might fail again.
盡管他還會(huì)試，但可能還會(huì)失敗。
(6)hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., not only...but also...等引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，前一個(gè)分句用部分倒裝，后一個(gè)分句不變。
①Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.
他一聽到這個(gè)消息就哭了。
②The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.
電腦被應(yīng)用于教學(xué)中，結(jié)果，不僅節(jié)省了老師的精力，學(xué)生也對(duì)課堂感興趣了。
(7)在省略if的虛擬條件句中(當(dāng)條件從句中有were，had, should時(shí))
①Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.
要是早復(fù)習(xí)了功課，你有可能就通過考試了。
②Should it not rain, we would go for a picnic tomorrow.
要是明天不下雨，我們就可以去野餐了。
Only by communicating with each other more frequently ________ they clear away the misunderstandings and solve the conflict.
熱點(diǎn)題型
強(qiáng)調(diào)句
．It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ________ I found we had a lot in common.
【提分秘籍】
1強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分可以是主語、賓語或狀語等。
It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.
給我們工作帶來最大益處的不是我們做了多少而是我們將多少愛投入到我們所從事的事業(yè)中。
2強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊句式
強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊句式 結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成 例句
一般疑問句 Is/Was it＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ Was it Tom who was to blame？
就是湯姆應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任嗎？
特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞＋is/was it＋that＋句子其他部分？ The patient looks much better.What is it that has made him what he is today？
那個(gè)病人看上去好多了。是什么讓他變成今天這樣的呢？
強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊句式 結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成 例句
not until句式 It is/was not until...＋that＋句子其他部分
It was not until midnight that we got home because of traffic jams.
因?yàn)榻煌ㄗ枞钡桨胍刮覀儾诺郊摇?/p>
not...but...句式 It is not...＋that...，but.../It is not...but...that... It is not quantity but quality that counts.
重要的不是數(shù)量而是質(zhì)量。
3用助動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語
如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)的肯定句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，我們?cè)谠搫?dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞do, does或did。
①M(fèi)any of the films are from the USA, but we do give awards to films from other countries.
許多電影來自于美國(guó)，但我們的確也給其他國(guó)家的影片頒獎(jiǎng)。
②He did come to see you last Sunday, but you were out.
他上周日的確來看過你，但是你出去了。
【舉一反三】
It was with great joy ________ Tom received the news ________ his lost son had been found.
熱點(diǎn)題型省略句
－I'm sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test.
－How can that be? I did it as ________ (tell) in class.
【提分秘籍】
1．在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if, though, as等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，若謂語部分含有be動(dòng)詞，而主語又與主句主語相同或主語是it時(shí)，從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞常被省略。
①The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if carried out regularly, can improve our health.
實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，如果有規(guī)律地進(jìn)行適量運(yùn)動(dòng)能強(qiáng)身健體。
②Get up early tomorrow, if not (you don't get up early), you will miss the first bus.
明天早點(diǎn)起床，如果不的話，你會(huì)錯(cuò)過早班車。
2．I'm afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答句，后面跟so與not分別等于肯定或否定，賓語從句可省去。
①－Do you think it will rain?
－I hope not (that it will not rain)．
——你認(rèn)為會(huì)下雨嗎？
——我希望不下。
②－Do you believe our team will win?
－I guess so.
——你相信我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏嗎？
——我猜會(huì)贏。
3．不定式省略，單獨(dú)使用不定式符號(hào)to。
(1)用來代替動(dòng)詞不定式后被省略的動(dòng)詞，常在be afraid/glad/happy, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等的后邊。
I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to.
我請(qǐng)他去看電影，但他不想去。
－Will you join in the game?
－I'd be glad to.
——你愿意加入做游戲嗎？
——我很高興加入。
(2)如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，通常保留be, have和have been。
－Are you a sailor?
－No, but I used to be.
——你是海員嗎？
——不，但我過去是。
題型反意疑問句及其他
A bit more effort, I think, ________ you will settle the problem.
【提分秘籍】
1反意疑問句
(1)祈使句式的反意疑問句
①肯定的祈使句，簡(jiǎn)短問句用will you/won't you。
②否定的祈使句，簡(jiǎn)短問句用will you。
③let's和let us引導(dǎo)的祈使句：let's表“建議，征詢”之意時(shí)，含聽話者在內(nèi)，故簡(jiǎn)短問句用shall we；let us表“建議、征詢”之意時(shí)，不含聽話者在內(nèi)，故簡(jiǎn)短問句用will you。
Let's go out for a walk after supper, shall we?
晚飯后我們散散步，好嗎？
1反意疑問句
(1)祈使句式的反意疑問句
①肯定的祈使句，簡(jiǎn)短問句用will you/won't you。
②否定的祈使句，簡(jiǎn)短問句用will you。
③let's和let us引導(dǎo)的祈使句：let's表“建議，征詢”之意時(shí)，含聽話者在內(nèi)，故簡(jiǎn)短問句用shall we；let us表“建議、征詢”之意時(shí)，不含聽話者在內(nèi)，故簡(jiǎn)短問句用will you。
Let's go out for a walk after supper, shall we?
晚飯后我們散散步，好嗎？
2句型：祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋簡(jiǎn)單句(多用將來時(shí))
(1)祈使句/名詞短語＋and＋簡(jiǎn)單句表示“如果……，就……”
①“Only two centimeters higher，and you will break the world record，” encouraged the coach.
“再高兩厘米，你將打破世界紀(jì)錄”，教練鼓勵(lì)說。
②Bring the flowers into a warm room and they'll soon open.
將花放到暖和的房間里，它們將會(huì)很快開放。
(2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋簡(jiǎn)單句表示“……否則……”
Don't drive so fast or/otherwise you'll have an accident.
不要開那么快，否則你會(huì)出事的。
注意：分詞作狀語結(jié)構(gòu)＋主句與該句型，如不細(xì)心容易弄混，關(guān)注有沒有連詞即可。
1.【2024·湖南】31.Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
A. to keep
B. to have kept
C．keep
D．have kept
2.【2024·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.
A. she realized
B. has she realized
C. she has realized
D. did she realize
3.【2024·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
A. which B. that C. where D. how
1．(2024·大綱全國(guó)卷)Not only ________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
2．(2024·湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart ________ good relationships with others.(will you keep, you will keep)
3．(2024·福建卷)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
4．(2024·天津卷)Give me a chance, ________I'll give you a wonderful surprise.
5．(2024·陜西卷)No sooner ________ Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
6．(2024·四川卷)Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr. Smith got angry?
7．(2024·湖南卷)________(make) what you're doing today important, because you're trading a day of your life for it.
8．(2024·湖南卷)All we need ________(be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
9．(2024·湖南卷)It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ________ makes life happy.
10. (2024·四川卷)________me tomorrow and I'll let you know the lab result.
Ⅰ在空白處填上正確的內(nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)。
1． Only when our project has been approved of by the committee ________ we start to carry it out.
2．Try hard ________ I might, I can attach no definite meaning to this rather grand sentence.
3． My voice was so little, and the shop owner had to bend down to hear ________ it was that I wanted to buy.
4． ________ he ________ (predict) the disaster, he couldn't have taken his girl friend to the 2024. New Year's Celebration at the Bund, Shanghai.
5．Little ________ we know that the region was rich in natural resources about four decades ago.
6．“Not until I knew much about the Nanjing Massacre”，the foreigner says“________ I understand the significance of setting the National Memorial Day”．
7．It doesn't matter if they want to come to your birthday party, ________ it?
8．It's not what you love in your life but ________ you have in your life ________ matters.
9．It was the culture, rather than the language, ________ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
10．If you go to the wildlife park, you'll find the places there more dangerous than commonly ________ (suppose)．
11．________ (give) a push, an object will move forward and do work.
12．－Did you finish your work?
－No, I wasn't able to, ________ you?
13．Comparison may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ________ (see) alone.
14．So heavy ________ the load that I felt great relief after taking it off.
15．On the top of the hill ________ (stand) a temple ________ the old man once lived.
Ⅱ：語篇語法填空(重點(diǎn)考查特殊句式)
