2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)單元課件：必修5Unit 3《Science versus nature》
4. confirm
v. 證實; 確認(rèn); 批準(zhǔn) 【填一填?激活思維】觀察句子, 寫出黑體部分的含義。 ①(2024·湖北高考) I looked at the X-ray again, and more
tests confirmed it wasn’t the cancer. (
) ②Mr Baker’s assistant telephoned to confirm his
appointment with the chairman. (
) ③ The organization has confirmed the appointment of Mr
Collins as managing director. (
) 證實 確認(rèn) 批準(zhǔn) 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 confirm a theory/rumour證實一種理論/謠言 confirm one’s belief/resolution
堅定某人的信念/決心 confirm a contract
簽合同, 批準(zhǔn)合同 5. favour(=favor) n. 贊同; 恩惠; 偏愛 【填一填?激活思維】 ①(2024·大綱版全國卷) I’m writing to ask you to ___ ___ __
______. 我寫信是想請你幫我一個忙。 ②Could I ___ ____ __ ______ to retell what you have said in
class?
你能幫忙把課堂上所說的再說一遍嗎?
③They are all __ ______ __ cutting down on the income tax.
他們都贊同減少征收所得稅。 do me a favour ask you a favour in favour of 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 (1)do sb. a favour/do a favour for sb.
給某人以恩惠, 給某人幫忙 do sb. the favour to do sth.
給某人幫忙做某事 ask a favour of sb. =ask sb. a favour 請某人幫忙 (2) in favour of 贊同, 支持 in sb. ’s favour 對某人有利 * Please do me the favour to post the letter.
請幫我把這封信寄了。 6. frighten vt. 使驚嚇, 使驚恐 【填一填?激活思維】 ①(2024·浙江高考)Whenever the young animal is _________,
disturbed, or annoyed, it typically rushes to its mother and
rubs itself against her body.
當(dāng)年幼的動物受到驚嚇、不安或生氣時, 它通常會沖到母親 身邊并摩擦她的身體。 ②They _________ the old lady ____ signing the paper.
他們威脅那位老太太, 讓她在紙上簽了字。 ③He was _________
__ the terrible sight.
看到這可怕的情景, 他害怕了。 frightened frightened into frightened at 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 (1)frighten. . . away
把……嚇跑, 嚇走 frighten sb. into/out of doing sth.
嚇得某人做/不敢做某事 (2)frightened adj. 害怕的 be frightened to death
被嚇得要死 be frightened of 害怕…… be frightened at sth.
對……感到害怕/驚恐 *The boy frightened away the pigeons from the roof.
那個男孩把屋頂上的鴿子嚇飛了。 *She is frightened of snakes.
她害怕蛇。 【核心短語】 7. push ahead with義無反顧地進行, 努力推進
【填一填?激活思維】 ①To promote the development of economy, the government
is _______ ______ ____ the market reform.
為了促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展, 政府正在努力推進市場改革。 ②We must _____ ______ ____ our work.
我們必須努力推進我們的工作。 pushing ahead with push ahead with 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 push ahead
向前進; 抓緊 push aside 把……推向一邊; 不管, 不顧 push down推倒, 壓倒 push forward (不顧困難)繼續(xù)前進
push one’s way推開人群以通過; 擠過去 *If we push ahead, we can get home before dark.
如果我們抓緊, 天黑前我們還能趕到家。 8. in agreement with 同意; 與……一致 【填一填?激活思維】 ①His opinion is __ __________ ____ mine.
他的意見和我的一致。 ②The whole family were __ __________ ___ what they should do.
全家人在他們應(yīng)該做什么的問題上意見一致。 in agreement with in agreement on 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 in agreement
意見一致 in exchange for作為……的交換 in need of
需要 in place of
代替 in respect to 關(guān)于, 至于 in return for
作為對……的回報 in addition to
除……之外 in charge of
主管, 負(fù)責(zé) in terms of從……角度而言, 根據(jù), 按照 *Tom gave Helen an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.
湯姆用一個蘋果與海倫換一塊蛋糕。 9. turn out結(jié)果是, 證明是, 生產(chǎn); 出來, 出去, 出動(以便集合、 參加); 關(guān)掉(燈或熱源)
【填一填?激活思維】觀察句子, 寫出黑體部分的含義。 ①Her latest film turned out to be a great success. (
) ②The new technology has made it possible for us to turn out
more products of high quality. (
) ③10, 000 people turned out to welcome the world champion.
(
) ④Don’t forget to turn out the light when you leave the
classroom. (
) 證明是 生產(chǎn) 出來 關(guān)掉 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 (1)turn out to be+adj. /n.
結(jié)果是, 證明是 It turned out that. . .
結(jié)果…… (2)turn up出現(xiàn), 到場; 開大 turn down拒絕; 關(guān)小 turn over
翻閱, 把……翻過來, 反復(fù)考慮 turn around 轉(zhuǎn)身 10. follow in one’s footsteps效仿某人 【填一填?激活思維】 ①He ________ __ ___ _______ ________ and became a lawyer.
他子承父業(yè), 當(dāng)上了一名律師。 ②Every teacher should ______ __ ___ ________ when teaching.
每個老師在教學(xué)時都應(yīng)效仿他。 followed in his father’s footsteps follow in his footsteps 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 follow one’s example以某人為榜樣 follow one’s advice 聽從/遵循某人的建議 follow the crowd隨大流, 從眾, 按照大眾的意思做事 as follows
如下, 如下所述 *I’ll show you how to hit the ball and then you must follow my example.
我先教你如何擊球, 然后你必須照我的示范去做。 * His arguments are as follows.
他的論點如下。 【經(jīng)典句式】 11. While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.
盡管克隆人類胚胎在很多國家還不合法, 但一些科學(xué)家正在加緊研究, 以制造出克隆的人類嬰兒。 【填一填?激活思維】仿寫句子。 ①____________________________, I do not like its shape.
雖然我喜歡這頂帽子的顏色, 但我不喜歡它的形狀。
②___________________________, I can’t allow it.
盡管我同意你的理由, 但我不能允許這樣做。 While I like the colour of the hat While I agree with your reason 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 常放在句中或句首, 譯為“盡管, 雖然”, 比although或though語氣稍輕。 【辨一辨?明晰異同】 while 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時多位于句首或句中 although/ though 二者可互換, 且都可以與yet, still或nevertheless連用, 但不與but連用。though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu), 而although不可以 as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時通常用倒裝語序, 即把表語、狀語或動詞原形置于句首。若表語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞, 則名詞前不加冠詞 *Intelligent as/though you are, I suspect you will fail.
盡管你聰明, 我猜想你會失敗。 【拓展延伸】 while作連詞, 還可引導(dǎo)哪些從句?
(1)while作并列連詞, 構(gòu)成并列句, 意為“然而, 但是”, 相當(dāng)于and then/but, 強調(diào)前后兩種情況的對比或轉(zhuǎn)折, 此時, while一般位于句中。 (2)while用作從屬連詞, 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句, 意為“當(dāng)……的時候, 和……同時”, 此時的主從句謂語動作同時發(fā)生, 從句謂語動詞通常是延續(xù)性動詞。 12. For example, cloned animals are not very healthy— they nearly always live brief, painful lives compared with ordinary animals.
例如, 克隆的動物不太健康——與普通的動物相比, 它們幾乎都總是短命, 痛苦不堪。 【填一填?激活思維】 ①__________ ____ competing products, ours are smaller and
lighter.
與競爭的產(chǎn)品比起來, 我們的產(chǎn)品更小巧、更輕便。 ②I think your prices are much too high, _________ ____
those of other suppliers.
與其他供應(yīng)商所出價格相比, 我認(rèn)為你們的價格太高了。 Compared with compared with 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 compared with為固定表達(dá), 表示“與……相比”, 在句中作狀語, 也可用作compared to。 【拓展延伸】動詞compare的用法 (1)表示“把……與……比較”, 通常用 compare. . . with. . . 。 (2)表示“把……比作……”, 通常用 compare. . . to. . . , 一般不用 compare. . . with. . . 。 (3)用作不及物動詞時, compare后習(xí)慣上只接 with, 多與情態(tài)動詞 can 連用, 表示“比得上; 能與……媲美”, 但一般用于否定句或疑問句中。 *The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose.
詩人把他所愛的女人比作玫瑰。 *Nothing can compare with wool for warmth.
沒有比羊毛更暖和的東西了。 【要點拾遺】 1. permission n. 準(zhǔn)許, 許可, 批準(zhǔn) 【填一填?激活思維】 ①We need to ___ ____ ___ __________ before we start the
journey.
我們需要征求他的同意才能開始我們的旅行。 ②It’s illegal to read people’s private letters _______
__________.
未經(jīng)允許看別人的私人信件是違法的。 ask him for permission without permission ③學(xué)校不準(zhǔn)許學(xué)生晚上在校外逗留。(一句多譯) The school doesn’t ____ ________ __________ __ ____ out at
night.
=The school _______ ______ ________ __ ____ out at night.
give students permission to stay doesn’t permit students to stay 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 (1)ask (sb. ) for permission請求(某人的)許可 give permission 準(zhǔn)許 with one’s permission 經(jīng)某人同意, 經(jīng)某人許可 without permission 未經(jīng)許可 (2)permit vt. 允許
n. 許可證; 執(zhí)照 permit doing sth.
允許做某事 permit sb. to do sth.
允許某人做某事 *We do not permit smoking in the room.
我們不允許在屋里吸煙。 2. on the one hand. . . on the other hand. . .
一方面……另一方面…… 【填一填?激活思維】 ①___ ___ ____ _____ we should study hard; ___ ___ _____ _____ we should keep healthy.
我們一方面要努力學(xué)習(xí), 另一方面應(yīng)該保持身體健康。 ②___ ___ ____ _____, I have no time; ___ ___ _____ _____,
I have no money.
一方面我沒時間, 另一方面我也沒錢。 On the one hand on the other hand On the one hand on the other hand 【記一記?構(gòu)建知識】 at hand 在手邊, 在附近, 即將到來 by hand用手, 手工的 on hand現(xiàn)有(隨時可用); 出席; 在場 from hand to hand 轉(zhuǎn)手, 傳遞 *Soon school will end and the vacation will be at hand.
學(xué)期快結(jié)束了, 假期即將到來。 *The letter was written by hand.
這封信是手寫的。 Unit 3 Science and nature 【話題詞匯】 1. challenge n. 挑戰(zhàn); 艱巨的任務(wù) 2. technology
n. 技術(shù) 3. concern
n. 關(guān)注 4. reproduce
v. 復(fù)制; 再現(xiàn) 5. benefit v. 有益于 n. 益處, 好處 6. disagree
v. 不同意 7. support
v. 支持, 贊成 8. endangered
adj. 快要絕種的 9. potential
adj. 潛在的, 有可能的 10. serve as
充當(dāng), 擔(dān)任 11. such as例如 12. be different from
與……不同 13. do harm to
損害 14. bring about 導(dǎo)致 15. work on
從事 16. in hope of 希望 【經(jīng)典語篇】 (2024·廣東高考) 你接受了一項寫作任務(wù), 要為英語校報寫一篇120個詞左右的時事快訊。 請根據(jù)以下信息, 寫一篇關(guān)于移民火星的快訊。 志愿者的選拔: 到2024年, 在全球選出約30名去火星的志愿者。 志愿者的條件: 至少18歲; 做好不回地球的準(zhǔn)備; 愿與他人保持良好的關(guān)系。 專家觀點: 火星生活條件太艱苦; 面臨嚴(yán)寒氣候、孤獨和恐懼。 志愿者觀點: 厭倦地球生活, 想體驗火星生活; 如果成功, 就是人類英雄。 *火星: the Mars [介紹活動目的]①Thirty volunteers will be chosen all over the world and be sent to the Mars in 2024. [對活動的看法]Those volunteers, who must be willing to get along well with others, should be over 18 and be prepared for the chance that he/she won’t return to the earth. ②Experts think that it is tough for human beings to live on the Mars, because they will face the bitter cold weather, loneliness and fear. [對活動的期待]③However, some volunteers say that they are tired of the life on the earth, and want to experience the new life on Mars. They also think that if they succeed, they will be heroes of the human.
【厚積薄發(fā)】 Ⅰ. 完成句子 (1)Cloning technology has __________________________ to
human life, and particularly, human cloning has become
______________. 克隆技術(shù)給人類的生活帶來了很多好處, 特別是人體克隆技 術(shù)已經(jīng)引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。 (2) Scientists often ________the research of Mars’ weather __
_______better understanding our own.
科學(xué)家們經(jīng)常研究火星的天氣, 希望可以更好地了解地球的 天氣。 brought about a lot of benefits a great concern work on in hope of Ⅱ. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 (1)把句①改為非謂語形式作后置定語。 Thirty volunteers ___________________________will be sent
to the Mars in 2024.
(2)把句②前半部分改為think+復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。 Experts think _________________________live on the Mars.
(3)把句③改為so. . . that. . . 結(jié)構(gòu)。 However, some volunteers say that they are _______________ _______________they want to experience the new life on Mars.
to be chosen all over the world it tough for human beings to so tired of the life on the earth
that Ⅰ. 單詞?分類記憶 【核心單詞】不可不記 1.______ (vt. ) 收養(yǎng), 領(lǐng)養(yǎng); 采用, 采納 2. _______(vt. & vi. )
證實, 證明; 確認(rèn); 使確信 3. ______ (n. ) 贊同, 支持; 恩惠, 幫助; 偏愛, 偏袒
4. _______ (vt. )
使驚嚇, 使驚恐 5. _______(adj. ) 原來的, 起初的; 首創(chuàng)的; 非復(fù)制的 →______(n. )
起源, 起因; 出身
adopt confirm favour frighten original origin 6.______ (adj. )
真實的, 實際的 →_______ (adv. )
事實上, 實際上 7. ____________ (n. ) 仔細(xì)考慮; 必須考慮的因素; 體諒, 顧及 →________ (vt. & vi. )
考慮; 認(rèn)為 →__________ (adj. ) 體貼的, 體諒的, 考慮周到的 →___________ (adj. )
相當(dāng)大的; 相當(dāng)重要的 8. __________ (n. )準(zhǔn)許, 許可, 批準(zhǔn) →______ (v. )許可, 準(zhǔn)許 (n. ) 許可證
actual actually consideration consider considerate considerable permission permit 9. ________ (n. ) 意圖, 目的; 企圖 →______ (v. )
打算, 想要 →________ (adj. )
故意的, 打算的 10. _______ (n. ) 憂慮, 焦慮, 不安 →_______ (adj. ) 焦慮的, 擔(dān)心的 intention intend intended anxiety anxious 【高頻單詞】不可不知 11. _________ (vt. ) 使改變外觀或性質(zhì)(尤指向好的方向);
使改變形態(tài) 12. ____________ (n. )
突破 13. ________ (adj. ) 準(zhǔn)確的, 精確的 14. _____ (n. )
利潤, 收益 (vi. & vt. )
獲益; 對……有用 15. ___________ (n. )
結(jié)果, 后果 →__________(adj. )
隨之發(fā)生的 →____________ (adv. )
因此, 所以 transform breakthrough accurate profit consequence consequent consequently 16. _____ (n. ) 罪, 罪行 →________ (n. ) 罪犯 (adj. )有罪的 17. _________ (n. ) 職業(yè), 行業(yè) →___________(adj. ) 專業(yè)的, 職業(yè)的 18. _______ (vt. )
實施, 指揮樂隊 →_________ (n. )
售票員; (樂隊)指揮 19. _________ (n. )
總結(jié); 概括, 概要 →__________(vt. )
總結(jié), 概括 crime criminal profession professional conduct conductor summary summarize Ⅱ. 短語?雙語互譯 1. 一方面……另一方面……
_________________ __________________ 2. 戲弄, 擺弄; 把……當(dāng)作兒戲 _______ 3. 集中精力于; 全神貫注于
_____________ 4. 為了……, 以……為目的或意圖 __________________ 5. 義無反顧地進行, 努力推進
_______________ 6．成功做成某事
__________________ on the one hand. . . on the other hand. . . toy with concentrate on with the intention of push ahead with succeed in doing sth. 7. 供出售, 待銷售 _______ 8. 對……進行評論
___________ 9. in agreement with________________ 10. make sense
_____________________ 11. turn out
___________________ 12. put. . . in place ____________________ 13. be/get burnt out
