2024高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)21 Module 4《Gre at Scientists》外研版必修4

　　課時(shí)作業(yè)(二十二)　必修4　Module 4　Great Scientists　

　　.單項(xiàng)填空

　　1．(2024·南京一模)—Do you think I should join the singing group，Mary?

　　—________If I were in your shoes，I certainly would.

　　A．None of your business. B．It depends.

　　C．Why not?

　　D．I don’t think so.

　　2．(2024·山東臨沂一模)In a way，________global warming is a challenge for man，so we must overcome it to build________fine world.

　　A．the；/

　　B．a(chǎn)；the

　　C．a(chǎn)；/

　　D．/；a

　　3．(2024·南通調(diào)研)Until we have discussed all the details，no decision________about any new operations.

　　A．will be made

　　B．is made

　　C．is being made

　　D．has been made

　　4．Large quantities of food________transported by volunteers to the disaster area a few days ago.

　　A．has

　　B．have

　　C．was

　　D．were

　　5．You may not agree，but my________opinion is that this programme is not suitable for children.

　　A．unique

　　B．optimistic

　　C．personal

　　D．generous

　　6．—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?

　　—The key________the problem is to meet the demand________by the customers.

　　A．to solving；making

　　B．to solving；made

　　C．to solve；making

　　D．to solve；made

　　7．We all know that hard working and plain living are fine________of our Chinese people.

　　A．qualities

　　B．manners

　　C．deeds

　　D．quantities

　　8．It’s impossible for all the people to get the job because ________ of them are not fit for it.

　　A．none

　　B．a(chǎn)ll

　　C．not all

　　D．every one

　　9．—That’s me when I graduated from college.See what I look like now.

　　—Why not take up exercise to improve your________？

　　A．look

　　B．form

　　C．shadow

　　D．figure

　　10．(2024·山東聊城一中月考)The driver，________the passengers，________responsible for the accident.

　　A．more than；are

　　B．rather than；is

　　C．other than；were

　　D．less than；was

　　11．Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside

　　the bed to keep himself________of his own dreams.

　　A．reminding

　　B．to remind

　　C．reminded

　　D．remind

　　12．(2024·唐山模擬)After the earthquake，the electricity supply failed，________the cooling system break down.

　　A．having made

　　B．making

　　C．made

　　D．to make

　　13．(2024·山東青島期末檢測(cè)) Eventually the roads________and the traffic began to flow again.

　　A．cleaned

　　B．removed

　　C．moved

　　D．cleared

　　14．(2024·山西高三考前適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練)________the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area need to be repaired.

　　A．As a result of

　　B．On top of

　　C．In front of

　　D．In need of

　　15．Mendel was known ________a famous scientist________his contributions ________genetics.

　　A．for；as；to

　　B．a(chǎn)s；to；in

　　C．for；with；in

　　D．a(chǎn)s；for；to

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·山西太原五校檢測(cè))

　　There are many ways of defining success.It is accurate to say that each of us has our own ideas of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily.Because each of us possesses unique differences in

　　genetic

　　ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities，it is necessarily true that we must define success

　　broadly.

　　For some people，simply being able to live their life with

　　the least misery and suffering is considered a success.Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep，enjoys his simple life with his family in the beauty of nature，and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of him and accepted by his family and his society.On the other hand，it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions，many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success.Because not all ventures can be successful，one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success，but if one has self-cconfidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at a too low level of achievement.

　　A wise man once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration (挫敗) with his own professional success，“You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling.Sometimes one can be very successful merely

　　by taking a walk in the park or riding the subway downtown.” The man added，“You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success

　　until

　　you

　　have

　　been

　　unsuccessful

　　at something you really like，and to which you have given your best effort.”

　　1．According to the first paragraph，what is implied as basics in achieving success?

　　A．Ability and goals.

　　B．Goals and determination.

　　C．Ability and environments.

　　D．Goals and environments.

　　2．Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because________.

　　A．their life is busy and miserable

　　B．they haven’t reached their own standards

　　C．they set their goals at a too low level

　　D．they are not rich in material possessions

　　3．From the last paragraph we can tell that________.

　　A．success means achieving great goals

　　B．success comes from setting great goals

　　C．success means efforts and favorites pay off

　　D．success has nothing to do with the distance of your travel

　　B

　　(2024·長(zhǎng)沙二模)

　　Handling a wad of cash may be as good at killing pain than ibuprofen (布洛芬) or aspirin，a new study suggests.

　　Researchers at the University of Minnesota carried out a series of studies which showed those who counted money before taking part in an experiment where they were subjected to low levels of pain felt less discomfort than those who did not.

　　It’s thought that fondling notes and coins helps ward off pain by boosting feelings ofself-worth and self-sufficiency.

　　Previous studies have shown those with a greater sense of self-worth may be more likely to bear pain.Britain spends at least ￡500 million a year on over-the-counter painkilling pills and the figure is increasing every year.But scientists remain puzzled by why some people appear to feel pain more easily than others.In the latest study，a group of students were asked to count out a wad of cash consisting of 80 one-hundred dollar bills，or just 80 slips of blank paper.They had been told researchers were simply testing their dexterity (熟練) in handling the notes.

　　Each volunteer was then asked to dip their hands into a bowl of very hot water，to see how painful they found it and how long they could last.The results，published in a recent edition of the journal Psychological Science，showed those who had handled money reported less pain and lasted longer.The results support other studies highlighting how the brain can be tuned to fight off pain without the use of pills.

　　A University of Los Angeles team of scientists found just looking at a photograph of a loved one can also be a powerful form of pain relief.They recommended anyone visiting hospital for painful tests or examinations should bring a picture to help them cope.

　　And patients who have had major surgery，such as a knee or hip replacement，can halve the amount of painkilling medicine they need simply by stroking a pet，according to tests at Loyola University in Chicago.

　　4．Handling money can prevent pain because ________.

　　A．we are confident in our usefulness

　　B．we can afford the expenses of the treatment

　　C．we can do everything with the money

　　D．we can’t live without money

　　5．The phrase “over-the-counter painkilling pills” refer to pills________.

　　A．that can be obtained outside the drug store

　　B．that can be bought without a prescription

　　C．that are placed on the counter of the store

　　D．that are purchased with a written order from a doctor

　　6．Which of the following may least kill pain?

　　A．Counting out a wad of cashes.

　　B．Looking at the picture of a loved one.

　　C．Handling a group of blank paper.

　　D．Walking a pet.

　　7．What might be the most suitable title for the passage?

　　A．Money Makes Something Impossible Possible

　　B．Money Has a Magic Power in Treating Patients

　　C．Money Brings Comfort to Pain Suffers

　　D．Money Kills Pains Better than Aspirin

　　8．We can infer that the passage is________.

　　A．a(chǎn) research report on the role of money

　　B．a(chǎn) kind of medicine instructions

　　C．a(chǎn)n introduction to a new medicine

　　D．a(chǎn) description of natural reaction to a medicine

　　詳解答案

　　課時(shí)作業(yè)(二十二)　

　　Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空

　　1．解析：　句意為：——瑪麗，你認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該去參加合唱團(tuán)嗎？——為什么不呢？如果我是你的話，我肯定會(huì)參加的。根據(jù)If引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句可知，空處應(yīng)用“ Why not？”。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　句意為：從某種意義上說(shuō)，全球變暖是對(duì)人類的一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，因此為了建立一個(gè)美好的世界我們必須克服這種情況。第一個(gè)空global warming是慣用法，不加冠詞；而第二個(gè)空表泛指，要用不定冠詞a，表示“一個(gè)美好的世界”。

　　答案：　D

　　3．解析：　句意為：直到我們討論完所有的細(xì)節(jié)后，才能決定手術(shù)。until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是將來(lái)完成的動(dòng)作，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，所以答案為A。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　“l(fā)arge quantities of＋不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)，句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)，且transport與food之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，句中有明確表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)a few days ago，故選D項(xiàng)。

　　答案：　D

　　5．解析：　考查形容詞辨析。personal個(gè)人的，符合題意。句意為：你或許不同意，但是我個(gè)人認(rèn)為這個(gè)節(jié)目對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)不合適。unique獨(dú)特的；optimistic樂(lè)觀的；generous慷慨的。

　　答案：　C

　　6．解析：　考查介詞及過(guò)去分詞。句意為：——你怎么處理公司和顧客之間的分歧？——解決問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是滿足顧客的要求。key后面的to為介詞，其后接動(dòng)名詞；made by the customers作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾demand。

　　答案：　B

　　7．解析：　考查名詞辨析。quality品質(zhì)。句意為：我們都知道艱苦樸素是我們中國(guó)人的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。manner禮貌，舉止，方式；deed行動(dòng)，事跡；quantities數(shù)量。

　　答案：　A

　　8．解析：　not 與 all 連用為部分否定，表示“并非所有的……都……”；D項(xiàng)中 every one 與 not 連用也可表示部分否定，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。

　　答案：　B

　　9．解析：　 考查名詞辨析。由take up exercise與that’s me when I graduated from college的對(duì)比，可知這個(gè)人現(xiàn)在身材不好了，figure身材，體形，符合句意。而look外表，form形式，shadow影子，均不合乎語(yǔ)境。

　　答案：　D

　　10．解析：　考查短語(yǔ)和主謂一致。句意為：在這次事故中，應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任的是司機(jī)而不是乘客。more than多于，超過(guò)；rather than而不是；other than除了；less than少于。本句主語(yǔ)為The driver，故選B。

　　答案：　B

　　11．解析：　考查動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意為：邁克爾在床邊掛了一張姚明的照片以便時(shí)刻使自己記得自己的夢(mèng)想。keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)(使……處于某種狀態(tài))，后面的賓補(bǔ)可以是形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞，過(guò)去分詞和賓語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系也就是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在分詞和賓語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系；remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事或提醒某人某事，由該結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，himself與remind之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選C。

　　答案：　C

　　12．解析：　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：地震后，電力供應(yīng)停止了，結(jié)果造成冷卻系統(tǒng)崩潰。making the cooling system break down在句中充當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。

　　答案：　B

　　13．解析：　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：最后道路上的障礙清除了，交通又通暢了。clean打掃；remove除去；move移動(dòng)；clear(煙霧等)消散，澄清(誤會(huì))，清除障礙等。

　　答案：　D

　　14．解析：　考查詞義辨析。句意為：由于嚴(yán)重的洪水災(zāi)害，這個(gè)地區(qū)三分之二的建筑物需要維修。as a result of由于……的結(jié)果，符合題意。on top of在……之外，另外；in front of在……前面；in need of需要。

　　答案：　A

　　15．解析：　句意為：Mendel作為一名著名科學(xué)家因其對(duì)遺傳學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)而聞名。be known as作為……而聞名，be known for因……而聞名；be known to為……所知；contributions to對(duì)……的貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。

　　答案：　D

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　語(yǔ)篇解讀：　 在本篇文章中，作者從不同的角度定義了成功。

　　1．解析：　推理判斷題。由文章第一段的最后一句可知，因?yàn)槲覀兠總€(gè)人擁有的遺傳的能力和有利的環(huán)境不同，所以我們對(duì)成功的定義很寬泛。由此可以推斷，作者認(rèn)為能力和環(huán)境是取得成功的基本條件。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段的倒數(shù)第二句指出，有的人已經(jīng)很富有了卻認(rèn)為自己不成功是因?yàn)樗麄兪歉鶕?jù)自己的目標(biāo)判斷成功與否的。

　　答案：　B

　　3．解析：　推理判斷題。文章最后一句指出，在沒(méi)有盡全力做自己喜歡的事而失敗之前，失敗都不算是真正的失敗，由此可推知，C項(xiàng)正確。

　　答案：　C

　　語(yǔ)篇解讀：　本文是一篇科普類文章。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過(guò)數(shù)錢、看自己喜歡的畫(huà)、養(yǎng)寵物等都可以減輕痛苦。

　　4．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“It’s thought that fondling notes and coins helps ward off pain by boosting feelings of self-worth and self-sufficiency.”可知，數(shù)錢可以帶來(lái)自我價(jià)值和自我滿足感，從而有助于止痛，故答案選A。

　　答案：　A

　　5．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Handling a wad of cash may be as good at killing pain than ibuprofen (布洛芬) or aspirin...”可知，本文是將數(shù)錢和ibuprofen (布洛芬) or aspirin進(jìn)行比較，over-the-counter painkilling pills就是指第一段中的ibuprofen (布洛芬) or aspirin，而這兩種藥可以直接在藥店買，不需要開(kāi)處方，故答案選B。

　　答案：　B

　　6．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段和最后兩段可知，通過(guò)數(shù)錢、看自己喜歡的畫(huà)、養(yǎng)寵物都可以減輕痛苦，只有C項(xiàng)在文中沒(méi)有涉及，故答案選C。