考研英語作文之美文范例美國南北戰(zhàn)爭

　　TheAmerican Civil War

　　The militaryaspect of the United States Civil War has always attractedthe most attention from scholars. The roar of gunfire, the massedmovements of uniformed men, the shrill o f bugles, and the drama ofhand to hand combat have facinated students of warfare for a century.Behind the lines, however, life was less spectacular. It was the story ofback breaking labor to provide the fighting men with food and arms, ofnerve tingling uncertainty about the course of national events, ofheartbreak over sons or brothers or husbands lost in battle. If the men on thefiring line won the victories, the means to those victories were forgedon the home front. Never in the nations history had Americansworked harder for victory than in the Civil War. Northerners and Southerners alike threw themselves into the task of supplying their respective armies. Bothgovernments made tremendous demands upon civilians and, in general, received willingcooperations. By 1863 the Northern war economy was rumbling along in high gear.Everything from steamboats to shovels was needed and produced.Denied Southern cotton, textile mills turned to wool for blankets anduniforms. Hides by the hundreds of thousands were turned into shoes and harness and saddles; ironworks manufactured locomotives, ordnance, armor plate. Whereprivate enterprise lagged, the government set up its own factories or arsenals.Agriculture boomed, with machinery doing the job of farm workers drawn into thearmy. In short, everything that a nation needed to fight a modern war wasproduced in uncounted numbers. Inevitably there were profiteers with gold headed canes and flamboyant diamond stickpins, but for every crooked tycoon therewere thousands of ordinary citizens living on fixed incomes who did their bestto cope with rising prices and still make a contribution to the war effort.Those who could bought war bonds; others knitted, sewed, nursed, or lent anyother assistance in their power.

　　全文翻譯：美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中的軍事方面一直最吸引學(xué)者們的注意。轟隆的炮聲、軍人大規(guī)模 的陣式，尖銳的軍號和白刃戰(zhàn)的場面，已吸引了戰(zhàn)爭研究者們一個(gè)世紀(jì)。然而，在后方， 生活卻沒有這般壯觀。那里的故事就是為作戰(zhàn)的軍人提供食物和武裝而做勞累至極的工作， 對國家事態(tài)的焦慮和對在戰(zhàn)爭中失去丈夫、兄弟和兒子的撕心裂肺。如果說前線的人們獲 得了勝利，那勝利的手段就要?dú)w功于后方的人們。在其歷史上，美國人從來沒有象在內(nèi)戰(zhàn) 中那樣為奪取勝利而如此努力。南方人和北方人一樣投入到為各自軍隊(duì)供應(yīng)物資的任務(wù)中。 雙方政府對民眾都提出巨大的要求，總的來說，得到了極積的合作。到了 1863 年，北方戰(zhàn) 時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)呈高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，從蒸氣船到鐵鍬，一切都需要并且生產(chǎn)出來。由于沒有了南方產(chǎn)的棉花，紡織工廠紛紛轉(zhuǎn)用毛料生產(chǎn)毯子和軍衣。幾十萬件的皮革制成了鞋、挽具和馬鞍。鐵 廠生產(chǎn)出機(jī)車、大炮、裝甲板。私營企業(yè)不足以承擔(dān)的方面，政府就成立自己的工廠和兵工廠。農(nóng)業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展，因?yàn)檗r(nóng)場工人參軍后機(jī)械代替了手工。總之，國家參加現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭所 需的多得數(shù)不清的物資都生產(chǎn)出來了。不可避免地出現(xiàn)了一些手持鍍金手杖，戴著耀眼的鉆石別針的投資商。 但每有一個(gè)奸詐的富翁就有成千上萬的普通市民。 他們依靠固定的收 入盡他們最大的努力應(yīng)付著上漲的物價(jià)，為戰(zhàn)爭做著貢獻(xiàn)。 那些有能力的人購買戰(zhàn)爭債券，其他的人編織、縫補(bǔ)衣服，護(hù)理傷病人或做其它一切他們力所能及的工作。

　　TheAmerican Civil War

　　The militaryaspect of the United States Civil War has always attractedthe most attention from scholars. The roar of gunfire, the massedmovements of uniformed men, the shrill o f bugles, and the drama ofhand to hand combat have facinated students of warfare for a century.Behind the lines, however, life was less spectacular. It was the story ofback breaking labor to provide the fighting men with food and arms, ofnerve tingling uncertainty about the course of national events, ofheartbreak over sons or brothers or husbands lost in battle. If the men on thefiring line won the victories, the means to those victories were forgedon the home front. Never in the nations history had Americansworked harder for victory than in the Civil War. Northerners and Southerners alike threw themselves into the task of supplying their respective armies. Bothgovernments made tremendous demands upon civilians and, in general, received willingcooperations. By 1863 the Northern war economy was rumbling along in high gear.Everything from steamboats to shovels was needed and produced.Denied Southern cotton, textile mills turned to wool for blankets anduniforms. Hides by the hundreds of thousands were turned into shoes and harness and saddles; ironworks manufactured locomotives, ordnance, armor plate. Whereprivate enterprise lagged, the government set up its own factories or arsenals.Agriculture boomed, with machinery doing the job of farm workers drawn into thearmy. In short, everything that a nation needed to fight a modern war wasproduced in uncounted numbers. Inevitably there were profiteers with gold headed canes and flamboyant diamond stickpins, but for every crooked tycoon therewere thousands of ordinary citizens living on fixed incomes who did their bestto cope with rising prices and still make a contribution to the war effort.Those who could bought war bonds; others knitted, sewed, nursed, or lent anyother assistance in their power.

　　全文翻譯：美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中的軍事方面一直最吸引學(xué)者們的注意。轟隆的炮聲、軍人大規(guī)模 的陣式，尖銳的軍號和白刃戰(zhàn)的場面，已吸引了戰(zhàn)爭研究者們一個(gè)世紀(jì)。然而，在后方， 生活卻沒有這般壯觀。那里的故事就是為作戰(zhàn)的軍人提供食物和武裝而做勞累至極的工作， 對國家事態(tài)的焦慮和對在戰(zhàn)爭中失去丈夫、兄弟和兒子的撕心裂肺。如果說前線的人們獲 得了勝利，那勝利的手段就要?dú)w功于后方的人們。在其歷史上，美國人從來沒有象在內(nèi)戰(zhàn) 中那樣為奪取勝利而如此努力。南方人和北方人一樣投入到為各自軍隊(duì)供應(yīng)物資的任務(wù)中。 雙方政府對民眾都提出巨大的要求，總的來說，得到了極積的合作。到了 1863 年，北方戰(zhàn) 時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)呈高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，從蒸氣船到鐵鍬，一切都需要并且生產(chǎn)出來。由于沒有了南方產(chǎn)的棉花，紡織工廠紛紛轉(zhuǎn)用毛料生產(chǎn)毯子和軍衣。幾十萬件的皮革制成了鞋、挽具和馬鞍。鐵 廠生產(chǎn)出機(jī)車、大炮、裝甲板。私營企業(yè)不足以承擔(dān)的方面，政府就成立自己的工廠和兵工廠。農(nóng)業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展，因?yàn)檗r(nóng)場工人參軍后機(jī)械代替了手工。總之，國家參加現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭所 需的多得數(shù)不清的物資都生產(chǎn)出來了。不可避免地出現(xiàn)了一些手持鍍金手杖，戴著耀眼的鉆石別針的投資商。 但每有一個(gè)奸詐的富翁就有成千上萬的普通市民。 他們依靠固定的收 入盡他們最大的努力應(yīng)付著上漲的物價(jià)，為戰(zhàn)爭做著貢獻(xiàn)。 那些有能力的人購買戰(zhàn)爭債券，其他的人編織、縫補(bǔ)衣服，護(hù)理傷病人或做其它一切他們力所能及的工作。