英語四級(jí)真題閱讀長(zhǎng)難句的分析（十一）
38. While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi , reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail.
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句主干為 DL signifies a course。主句中的in which引導(dǎo)定語從句，對(duì)course進(jìn)行解釋說明，其中instructors和students是并列成分。 While意為 雖然，盡管 ，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句;從句中的offered 為過去分詞做后置定語，修飾instruction。
【譯文】雖然各個(gè)大學(xué)提供的網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程不盡相同，但是遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)通常會(huì)把課程公開，教師會(huì)把課程大綱、閱讀任務(wù)和課程安排上傳到網(wǎng)站上，學(xué)生們則通過電子郵件提交作業(yè)。
39. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales.
【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為I offered suggestions。Telling myself hall為伴隨狀語，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句;guiding the young writer across the hall為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，修飾writer。that 后的從句可改寫為I was merely an experienced writer who are guiding the young writer across the hall。
【譯文】我一次次地告誡自己，這只是一個(gè)有些經(jīng)驗(yàn)的作家在指導(dǎo)一個(gè)小作家成長(zhǎng)而已，關(guān)于她的故事中的人物、沖突和結(jié)尾我都提供了一些建議。
40. While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked.
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為it was a step。While意為 雖然，盡管 ，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。主句中，it指代stepping back，that引導(dǎo)定語從句，that 在從句中作follow的賓語,即a good first step;putting myself far enough away是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，to give her if asked是目的狀語。
【譯文】雖然坐視不管對(duì)我來說并非易事，但這確實(shí)是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的開始。我會(huì)繼續(xù)這樣做，讓自己和她保持足夠的距離，給她空間，但同時(shí)又離她很近，以便在她尋求幫助的時(shí)候伸出援手。
41. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social issues related to chronic pain.
【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。句子主干為Not only do we evaluate the cause, but we also help provide therapy。Not only but also 連接兩個(gè)并列句，否定詞組not only在句首，句子要部分倒裝。在第一個(gè)分句里，which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾第一個(gè)分句，which在從句中作主語。在第二個(gè)分句里，related to作后置定語修飾issues。
【譯文】我們不僅要找出疼痛的病因，幫助我們更好地治療;還提供綜合療法，治療與慢性疼痛相關(guān)的抑郁癥和其他心理與社交問題。
38. While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi , reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail.
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句主干為 DL signifies a course。主句中的in which引導(dǎo)定語從句，對(duì)course進(jìn)行解釋說明，其中instructors和students是并列成分。 While意為 雖然，盡管 ，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句;從句中的offered 為過去分詞做后置定語，修飾instruction。
【譯文】雖然各個(gè)大學(xué)提供的網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程不盡相同，但是遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)通常會(huì)把課程公開，教師會(huì)把課程大綱、閱讀任務(wù)和課程安排上傳到網(wǎng)站上，學(xué)生們則通過電子郵件提交作業(yè)。
39. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales.
【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為I offered suggestions。Telling myself hall為伴隨狀語，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句;guiding the young writer across the hall為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，修飾writer。that 后的從句可改寫為I was merely an experienced writer who are guiding the young writer across the hall。
【譯文】我一次次地告誡自己，這只是一個(gè)有些經(jīng)驗(yàn)的作家在指導(dǎo)一個(gè)小作家成長(zhǎng)而已，關(guān)于她的故事中的人物、沖突和結(jié)尾我都提供了一些建議。
40. While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked.
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為it was a step。While意為 雖然，盡管 ，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。主句中，it指代stepping back，that引導(dǎo)定語從句，that 在從句中作follow的賓語,即a good first step;putting myself far enough away是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，to give her if asked是目的狀語。
【譯文】雖然坐視不管對(duì)我來說并非易事，但這確實(shí)是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的開始。我會(huì)繼續(xù)這樣做，讓自己和她保持足夠的距離，給她空間，但同時(shí)又離她很近，以便在她尋求幫助的時(shí)候伸出援手。
41. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social issues related to chronic pain.
【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。句子主干為Not only do we evaluate the cause, but we also help provide therapy。Not only but also 連接兩個(gè)并列句，否定詞組not only在句首，句子要部分倒裝。在第一個(gè)分句里，which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾第一個(gè)分句，which在從句中作主語。在第二個(gè)分句里，related to作后置定語修飾issues。
【譯文】我們不僅要找出疼痛的病因，幫助我們更好地治療;還提供綜合療法，治療與慢性疼痛相關(guān)的抑郁癥和其他心理與社交問題。
