2023考研英語(yǔ)閱讀網(wǎng)上的擁堵
Congestion on the line
網(wǎng)上的擁堵
Internet-service providers clamour for a fairercontribution from content firms
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商要求內(nèi)容商的付出更加公平
THE raid by the European Commission s antitrust gumshoes this month on Orange,DeutscheTelekom and Telefnica of Spain seemed to come out of the blue.
歐盟委員會(huì)反托拉斯調(diào)查人員本月對(duì)Orange電信、德國(guó)電信和西班牙電信的突擊調(diào)查事先顯得毫無(wú)征兆。
The companies professed a surprise verging on stupefaction.
這些公司莫名驚詫，全然不知所措。
Even some Brussels insiders were caught on the hop.
即使布魯塞爾的一些內(nèi)部人士也是措手不及。
Naming no names, the commissionsaid the inquiry involved internet connectivity.
委員會(huì)表示這次調(diào)查與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接有關(guān)，但沒有具體指名。
The question is whether entrenched telecoms firms are abusing their strength in the marketfor internet traffic to deny video-streaming websites and other content providers full accessto their networks to reach consumers.
調(diào)查的問題是：強(qiáng)勢(shì)的電信公司有沒有濫用它們?cè)诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)傳輸市場(chǎng)上的優(yōu)勢(shì)地位，拒絕給視頻流網(wǎng)站和其他內(nèi)容提供商到達(dá)消費(fèi)者所需要的完全的網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入。
Besides the content providers themselves, the other potential plaintiffs are the wholesalersthat the content providers use to ship their data across borders.
除了內(nèi)容提供商，其他可能的原告方是中間人。內(nèi)容提供商利用中間人跨界傳輸數(shù)據(jù)。
These rely on incumbent internet-service providers such as Orange to take the data the lastbit of the way to subscribers screens and mobiles.
這要靠占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商，比如Orange，來完成數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)接脩綦娔X屏幕和手機(jī)的最后一段路。
All eyes turned to Cogent Communications, an American wholesaler which handles data forthe likes of YouTube.
所有人的眼光都轉(zhuǎn)向了一家美國(guó)中間人公司：Cogent通信公司。這家公司處理YouTube以及類似網(wǎng)站的數(shù)據(jù)。
Cogent has complained, fruitlessly, to French and German regulators that their formermonopolies were asking too much to handle data, and throttling the flow to consumers whenbigger fees were not forthcoming.
Cogent曾徒勞地向法國(guó)和德國(guó)監(jiān)管者抱怨它們以前的壟斷者對(duì)處理數(shù)據(jù)要價(jià)太高，如果不能帶來更高的收費(fèi)，就限制傳輸給消費(fèi)者的流量。
It is appealing against the French decision.
Cogent正在對(duì)法國(guó)判決提出上訴。
In theory Orange and the other network providers might simply pass on to their customersthe cost of all their streaming and downloading of funny cat videos and porn.
理論上，Orange和其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供商可以很簡(jiǎn)單地將它們傳輸和下載搞笑貓咪和色情視頻的所有成本轉(zhuǎn)嫁給它們的客戶。
But Europe s market is fiercely competitive; and regulators place all sorts of constraints onhow networks can charge for their services, while haranguing them to invest in newtechnology and new capacity to keep up with rising traffic.
但歐洲的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈，監(jiān)管者對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)為它們的服務(wù)收費(fèi)的方式設(shè)置了各種限制，同時(shí)喋喋不休地勸它們投資于新技術(shù)和新能力，以跟上流量不斷增長(zhǎng)的步伐。
Though there are similar spats in America, it looks to some Europeans like another exampleof the rape of the old continent by America s data-mining, tax-avoiding internet giants.
盡管在美國(guó)也有類似的爭(zhēng)端，但在某些歐洲人看來，這只是舊大陸又一次被美國(guó)從事數(shù)據(jù)挖掘和避稅的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)巨頭欺凌。
The broader issueand the reason, perhaps, why the antitrust watchdogs chose to weighinis that Europe is on the brink of big regulatory change.
一個(gè)更大的問題是：歐洲正處于一場(chǎng)管制大變革的邊緣，也許這也是反托拉斯監(jiān)察機(jī)構(gòu)選擇介入的原因。
A draft law to be published in September will subtly alter the principle of netneutrality,the idea that companies which own the infrastructure cannot give priority tosome traffic over that of others.
9月份即將公布的一項(xiàng)法律草案將對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中立原則帶來微妙的改變。這一原則要求擁有基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的公司不能偏向特定的流量，不利于其他流量。
This rule has fostered competition and kept prices down in Europe but has discouragednetworks from investing.
這一規(guī)則在歐洲培育了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，壓低了價(jià)格，但打消了這些公司進(jìn)行投資的積極性。
The draft law will ban incumbents from blocking data from some sources,
這一法律草案將禁止占主導(dǎo)地位的運(yùn)營(yíng)商阻塞特定來源的數(shù)據(jù)，
but it will let them impose varying charges for different qualities of service for data sentthrough wholesalers.
但允許它們對(duì)通過中間人發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)的不同質(zhì)量收取不同費(fèi)用。
Together with other provisions in the package, this should encourage Europe s telecomsfirms to invest in upgrading their networks, its authors hope.
制定者希望，這一規(guī)定和該法律草案的其他一些規(guī)定將鼓勵(lì)歐洲的電信公司投資于網(wǎng)絡(luò)升級(jí)。
But the commission s antitrust watchdogs are bound to be on guard against any moves thatmight reduce competition.
但委員會(huì)的反托拉斯監(jiān)察機(jī)構(gòu)下定決心，時(shí)刻提防任何可能削弱競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的舉動(dòng)。
詞語(yǔ)解釋
1.come out of v.由產(chǎn)生，從出來
Then why did you come out of their lair?
那你為什么從他們的藏身處出來?
Does it mean you cannot come out of thesebrackets?
這是否意味著你再不能從括號(hào)中掙脫而出?
2.access to 有權(quán)使用
Coffee growers also needed better access to markets.
咖啡種植者也需要更好的途徑進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。
Wto membership should at least provide greater access to foreign markets.
成為wto成員后至少能讓他們更容易進(jìn)入外國(guó)市場(chǎng)。
3.pass on 傳遞;去世;前進(jìn)
I never felt stressed like that, but he did pass on his sense of adventure.
我從沒感覺到那樣壓抑，但是他確實(shí)給我傳遞了他的冒險(xiǎn)精神。
This is why cells like me feel an undeniable urge to pass on what we ve figured out thus far.
這就是諸如我之類的個(gè)體感到有一種無(wú)可質(zhì)疑的渴望，促使我們傳遞我們目前所領(lǐng)悟到的東西。
4.invest in 在上投資，在投入
Such pay structures encourage employees to invest in high-risk assets.
這樣的薪酬結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)促使雇員投資高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資產(chǎn)。
Invest in u. s.companies that do business in china.
投資于同中國(guó)有業(yè)務(wù)往來的美國(guó)公司。
Congestion on the line
網(wǎng)上的擁堵
Internet-service providers clamour for a fairercontribution from content firms
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商要求內(nèi)容商的付出更加公平
THE raid by the European Commission s antitrust gumshoes this month on Orange,DeutscheTelekom and Telefnica of Spain seemed to come out of the blue.
歐盟委員會(huì)反托拉斯調(diào)查人員本月對(duì)Orange電信、德國(guó)電信和西班牙電信的突擊調(diào)查事先顯得毫無(wú)征兆。
The companies professed a surprise verging on stupefaction.
這些公司莫名驚詫，全然不知所措。
Even some Brussels insiders were caught on the hop.
即使布魯塞爾的一些內(nèi)部人士也是措手不及。
Naming no names, the commissionsaid the inquiry involved internet connectivity.
委員會(huì)表示這次調(diào)查與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接有關(guān)，但沒有具體指名。
The question is whether entrenched telecoms firms are abusing their strength in the marketfor internet traffic to deny video-streaming websites and other content providers full accessto their networks to reach consumers.
調(diào)查的問題是：強(qiáng)勢(shì)的電信公司有沒有濫用它們?cè)诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)傳輸市場(chǎng)上的優(yōu)勢(shì)地位，拒絕給視頻流網(wǎng)站和其他內(nèi)容提供商到達(dá)消費(fèi)者所需要的完全的網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入。
Besides the content providers themselves, the other potential plaintiffs are the wholesalersthat the content providers use to ship their data across borders.
除了內(nèi)容提供商，其他可能的原告方是中間人。內(nèi)容提供商利用中間人跨界傳輸數(shù)據(jù)。
These rely on incumbent internet-service providers such as Orange to take the data the lastbit of the way to subscribers screens and mobiles.
這要靠占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商，比如Orange，來完成數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)接脩綦娔X屏幕和手機(jī)的最后一段路。
All eyes turned to Cogent Communications, an American wholesaler which handles data forthe likes of YouTube.
所有人的眼光都轉(zhuǎn)向了一家美國(guó)中間人公司：Cogent通信公司。這家公司處理YouTube以及類似網(wǎng)站的數(shù)據(jù)。
Cogent has complained, fruitlessly, to French and German regulators that their formermonopolies were asking too much to handle data, and throttling the flow to consumers whenbigger fees were not forthcoming.
Cogent曾徒勞地向法國(guó)和德國(guó)監(jiān)管者抱怨它們以前的壟斷者對(duì)處理數(shù)據(jù)要價(jià)太高，如果不能帶來更高的收費(fèi)，就限制傳輸給消費(fèi)者的流量。
It is appealing against the French decision.
Cogent正在對(duì)法國(guó)判決提出上訴。
In theory Orange and the other network providers might simply pass on to their customersthe cost of all their streaming and downloading of funny cat videos and porn.
理論上，Orange和其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供商可以很簡(jiǎn)單地將它們傳輸和下載搞笑貓咪和色情視頻的所有成本轉(zhuǎn)嫁給它們的客戶。
But Europe s market is fiercely competitive; and regulators place all sorts of constraints onhow networks can charge for their services, while haranguing them to invest in newtechnology and new capacity to keep up with rising traffic.
但歐洲的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈，監(jiān)管者對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)為它們的服務(wù)收費(fèi)的方式設(shè)置了各種限制，同時(shí)喋喋不休地勸它們投資于新技術(shù)和新能力，以跟上流量不斷增長(zhǎng)的步伐。
Though there are similar spats in America, it looks to some Europeans like another exampleof the rape of the old continent by America s data-mining, tax-avoiding internet giants.
盡管在美國(guó)也有類似的爭(zhēng)端，但在某些歐洲人看來，這只是舊大陸又一次被美國(guó)從事數(shù)據(jù)挖掘和避稅的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)巨頭欺凌。
The broader issueand the reason, perhaps, why the antitrust watchdogs chose to weighinis that Europe is on the brink of big regulatory change.
一個(gè)更大的問題是：歐洲正處于一場(chǎng)管制大變革的邊緣，也許這也是反托拉斯監(jiān)察機(jī)構(gòu)選擇介入的原因。
A draft law to be published in September will subtly alter the principle of netneutrality,the idea that companies which own the infrastructure cannot give priority tosome traffic over that of others.
9月份即將公布的一項(xiàng)法律草案將對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中立原則帶來微妙的改變。這一原則要求擁有基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的公司不能偏向特定的流量，不利于其他流量。
This rule has fostered competition and kept prices down in Europe but has discouragednetworks from investing.
這一規(guī)則在歐洲培育了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，壓低了價(jià)格，但打消了這些公司進(jìn)行投資的積極性。
The draft law will ban incumbents from blocking data from some sources,
這一法律草案將禁止占主導(dǎo)地位的運(yùn)營(yíng)商阻塞特定來源的數(shù)據(jù)，
but it will let them impose varying charges for different qualities of service for data sentthrough wholesalers.
但允許它們對(duì)通過中間人發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)的不同質(zhì)量收取不同費(fèi)用。
Together with other provisions in the package, this should encourage Europe s telecomsfirms to invest in upgrading their networks, its authors hope.
制定者希望，這一規(guī)定和該法律草案的其他一些規(guī)定將鼓勵(lì)歐洲的電信公司投資于網(wǎng)絡(luò)升級(jí)。
But the commission s antitrust watchdogs are bound to be on guard against any moves thatmight reduce competition.
但委員會(huì)的反托拉斯監(jiān)察機(jī)構(gòu)下定決心，時(shí)刻提防任何可能削弱競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的舉動(dòng)。
詞語(yǔ)解釋
1.come out of v.由產(chǎn)生，從出來
Then why did you come out of their lair?
那你為什么從他們的藏身處出來?
Does it mean you cannot come out of thesebrackets?
這是否意味著你再不能從括號(hào)中掙脫而出?
2.access to 有權(quán)使用
Coffee growers also needed better access to markets.
咖啡種植者也需要更好的途徑進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。
Wto membership should at least provide greater access to foreign markets.
成為wto成員后至少能讓他們更容易進(jìn)入外國(guó)市場(chǎng)。
3.pass on 傳遞;去世;前進(jìn)
I never felt stressed like that, but he did pass on his sense of adventure.
我從沒感覺到那樣壓抑，但是他確實(shí)給我傳遞了他的冒險(xiǎn)精神。
This is why cells like me feel an undeniable urge to pass on what we ve figured out thus far.
這就是諸如我之類的個(gè)體感到有一種無(wú)可質(zhì)疑的渴望，促使我們傳遞我們目前所領(lǐng)悟到的東西。
4.invest in 在上投資，在投入
Such pay structures encourage employees to invest in high-risk assets.
這樣的薪酬結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)促使雇員投資高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資產(chǎn)。
Invest in u. s.companies that do business in china.
投資于同中國(guó)有業(yè)務(wù)往來的美國(guó)公司。
